What is the optimal scheme for supplying water to two households from one well?

One borehole pump for two cottages

Dmitry, good afternoon!

We need your advice on organizing water supply. Currently we have the following scheme: one well 100 m deep is located on the border of 2 neighboring areas. One centrifugal pump "Vodoley" is lowered to the depth of the well, and a pressure sensor is embedded in the pipeline. The pump is designed to supply water to 2 cottages. Each cottage has a plastic tank with a float. When the water level in the tank drops, the float-controlled valve opens and the submersible pump turns on, which runs until the tank is full. I don't like the scheme for several reasons. The first is that the pump turns on too often, which will negatively affect the resource. The second is that there is always water in the supply pipeline that has already frozen in winter. And the third is the low reliability of the float.

We need your advice on how to organize water supply to two households differently with one pump. Thank you.

Question asked 02/16/2010

I would like to immediately thank you for your support.

You know, your question is quite complicated. Unfortunately, I don’t see a simple and cheap solution for it.

In addition, I have a few questions.

Firstly, the well is very deep. At what depth from the surface is the pump located? If at 100 meters, then what power should it be? Industrial? To lift from such a depth you already need 10 atmospheres. And in order to create additional pressure - at least 2 more and even 12. This is a very powerful pump. If this is indeed the case, then matters may become somewhat more complicated.

Secondly, if I understand correctly, the float is like a toilet float and turns on the water, not the pump. When the pressure drops, the pump turns on. Right?

If everything is as I understand it, then you are unlikely to ever get rid of water in the pipes. But this is not a big problem. You just need to make sure the water supply doesn't freeze. More on this later.

The optimal solution seems to be the following. You make some kind of pumping station, consisting of a pump (you already have one) and an aqua accumulator tank with a fairly large capacity. For two houses, a 100-liter tank will be enough, but the more, the better. Pipes should be routed from the membrane tank to houses. Moreover, please note, there is no need to make any storage tanks. From tank the water will flow under pressure and you can immediately connect it to the water supply and use it.

This is a completely standard, canonical scheme and it would be better (more reliable) to never invent anything. It's no use trying. This is, as I already said - best option.

Judge for yourself. If you install a membrane tank in one of the houses, you will lose on double the pipe flow. Reliability float valves depends only on their implementation and is solved by installing special valves with electric drives. Such valves are much more expensive than a 100 liter membrane tank (or the same)

Putting the pump into adequate operating mode is possible ONLY by including a membrane tank in your circuit. If you install a small one, there will be no big difference from the existing situation; if you install a large one, then why are there storage tanks and valves? In addition, the price of membrane tanks does not increase too much as their volume increases. There the connection is not proportional.

Now I will try to explain how to make sure that the pipes do not freeze. If you don't understand from the description, I'll send you a diagram. Yes, this diagram is on the website. Look at the materials from the “plumbing” section. I’ll now tell you what I would have done myself in your case.

If the well is conveniently located, I would dig it to a decent depth so that in the resulting hole, let’s call it a caisson, it would be possible to install the required tank of 100 liters or more. I wouldn't make the hole any bigger than necessary. I would do it strictly optimal sizes. At a level of at least 75 centimeters from the surface, I would make holders so that a thick insulated lid could be placed on them. I would provide for mandatory exhaust ventilation. Without it, all the things in the caisson will sweat a lot. The caisson itself would be finished with half-brick bricks with moisture insulation between the ground and the brick. Moreover, I would do waterproofing regardless of the quality of the soil and the presence of moisture in it. The floor would also be concreted with a layer of concrete no more than 5 centimeters.

The hole will need to be trimmed inside the caisson so that it is not too high and not too low from the caisson floor. In short, at a reasonable height.

When everything is ready, I would dig two fairly deep trenches to the houses. I would put asbestos-cement pipes with a diameter of 10 cm in the trenches. I would run good polyethylene water pipes and electrical wires through the pipes into the caisson. One wire would definitely be provided for an emergency heater, which would be installed in the caisson. You may need a different wire for the fan exhaust ventilation. The heater must be waterproof, since everything will sweat a lot in winter. So much so that the floor will simply be wet.

At houses, I would attach a trench to the base of the foundation and make sure that the pipe with water would flow from underground IMMEDIATELY into a relatively warm room - the base, if you have one, or the underground. The underground of a heated house should also be warm (in my experience). If you need to run a pipe through the cold, even if it is not a large area - 20 centimeters or something like that, you need to make a heated case. In this case, you need to invent something very small, but with an automatic switch. You don't need heat. 2-3 degrees above zero is quite enough. Don't forget that heat moves from bottom to top.

If it is impossible to dig a caisson or it is not convenient, you can build a small and well-insulated booth on the well. However, then you need to install a heater in it and the pipes to the houses will still be led underground.

I will answer any additional questions on this topic for free, so don't be shy. I don't set any time limits.

Good luck!
Dmitry Belkin.

Sometimes a situation arises when one pump is not able to provide the required fluid flow, or it is economically advantageous or structurally acceptable to use several units. In such cases, pumps connected parallel , or.

sequentially Parallel connection called such commutation in which several pumps supply to one common pressure manifold or discharge pipeline. For example, two

centrifugal pump

In cases where it is necessary to combine the parallel operation of pumps with different characteristics, they are switched in such a way that the less powerful pump is switched off at the moment it reaches a pressure value that is outside the characteristics of the pump. Or, by regulation, the pressure characteristics of a more powerful pump are reduced, equalizing them with the operating range of a less powerful pump.

Structurally, the parallel operation scheme when pumps are located in the same room at a slight distance from each other can be implemented in such a way that one drive-motor will transmit mechanical energy to several units, which is an undoubted advantage of this method. Consistent

is a connection in which the liquid that has received energy from the pump is supplied to the suction pipe of the next unit.

In such cases, the increase in pressure occurs in steps, from pump to pump. Therefore, pumps connected according to this principle are divided into units of the first, second, etc. steps. If it is structurally possible, then it is more economically feasible to use one stage of pressure transformation, since hydraulic losses are high when transporting fluid from one pump to another, and as a result of the influence of hydraulic forces on the working elements of the second unit, its efficiency is significantly reduced (up to 70%). The exception is the so-called multistage pumps produced by and some other manufacturers. In such pumps, the transformation of liquid pressure occurs in stages in one housing, in which, as a rule, several sets of impellers are mounted on one axis. Thanks to this arrangement, hydraulic losses are reduced to a minimum.

The uniform distribution of heat in a house with an autonomous heating system is determined by the model of pumping device used. This equipment ensures the forced movement of a warm medium through pipes and radiators.

To determine which heating pump connection diagram will be optimal for independent implementation, many details must be taken into account. In this article, we will consider in detail possible connection schemes and analyze the connection rules in detail.

We will also pay attention to the subtleties of choosing a location for installation, supplementing the material with thematic photos and diagrams.

Just a couple of decades ago, in the private sector, houses were equipped with gravity-type heating. A wood stove or gas boiler was used as a heat source. There was only one area of ​​application left for large circulation devices - centralized heating networks.

Today, manufacturers of heating equipment offer smaller units that have the following advantages:

1. The speed of movement of the coolant has increased. The heat generated by the boiler quickly enters the radiators. Due to this, the process of warming up the premises was significantly accelerated.
2. The higher the speed, the higher throughput pipes. This means that an identical volume of heat can be delivered to rooms using a pipe with a smaller diameter.
3. Water heating schemes have undergone significant changes. The highway can be laid with the slightest slope. Also, the complexity and length of the line can be anything. The basic rule is the rational choice of a heating pump based on the required power.
4. With the help of a household circulation device, it became possible to organize heated floors in the house and also effective system closed type heating.
5. It became possible to hide the entire heating communication line, passing through the rooms, which does not always go well with the design of the room. Quite common options for laying pipes for stretch ceilings, in walls or under floor coverings.

The disadvantages of pumping systems include the dependence of operation on the supply of electricity and its consumption by the pumping apparatus during the heating season.

The leading company Grundfos, engaged in the development of heating equipment, has released innovative models of Alpfa2 circulation pumps, capable of changing performance based on the needs of the heating system, which allows saving on electricity consumption

Therefore, if the area is often deprived of power supply, it would be advisable to install a device to provide uninterrupted power. The second drawback is not critical and can be eliminated by power and model circulation pump.

Selecting the location for inserting the device into the system

The installation of the circulation pump is supposed to be in the area immediately after the heat generator, not reaching the first branch line. The chosen pipeline does not matter - it can be either a supply or a return line.

Where can I put the pump?

Modern models of household heating units, made of high-quality materials, can withstand temperatures of a maximum of 100 °C. However, most systems are not designed for higher heating of the coolant.

The temperature of the coolant in the personal heating network rarely even reaches 70 °C. The boiler also does not heat the water above 90 degrees

Its performance will be equally effective on both the supply and return branches.

And that's why:

1. The density of water when heated to 50 °C is 987 kg/m3, and at 70 degrees – 977.9 kg/m3;
2. The heating unit is capable of generating hydrostatic pressure of 4-6 m of water column and pumping almost 1 ton of coolant per hour.

From this we can conclude: the insignificant difference of 9 kg/m 3 between the statistical pressure of the moving coolant and the return does not affect the quality of space heating.

Are there exceptions to the rules?

As an exception, inexpensive ones with a direct combustion type can serve. Their device does not provide automation, so at the moment of overheating, the coolant begins to boil.

Installation of collector wiring in a heating system using a solid fuel boiler is considered the most effective. However, this type of heating of a private house is one of the most difficult to perform.

Problems begin to arise if the electric pump installed in the supply line begins to fill up hot water with steam.

The coolant penetrates through the housing with the impeller and the following occurs:

1. Due to the action of gases on the impeller of the pumping device, the efficiency of the unit decreases. As a result, the coolant circulation rate coefficient is significantly reduced.
2. An insufficient amount of cold liquid enters the expansion tank located near the suction pipe. The overheating of the mechanism increases and even more steam is formed.
3. A large amount of steam entering the impeller completely stops the movement of warm water along the line. Due to the increase in pressure, the trigger occurs. Steam is released directly into the boiler room. An emergency situation is being created.
4. If the firewood is not extinguished at this moment, the valve will not be able to cope with the load and an explosion will occur.

In practice, from the initial moment of overheating to operation safety valve takes no more than 5 minutes. If you install the circulation mechanism on the return branch, then the period of time during which steam enters the device increases to 30 minutes. This gap will be enough to eliminate the heat supply.

In inexpensive heat generators made of low-quality metal, the response pressure of the safety valve corresponds to 2 Bar. In high-quality solid fuel boilers - this indicator is 3 Bar

From this we can conclude that it is impractical and even dangerous to install a circulation device on the supply line. Pumps for solid fuel heat generators are best installed in the return pipeline. However, this requirement does not apply to automated systems.

Heating with a group of separate lines

If the heating system is divided into two separate lines, heating the right and left sides of the cottage or several floors, it would be more practical to install an individual pump for each of the branches.

When installing a separate device for the heating line on the second floor, it becomes possible to save money by adjusting the required operating mode. Due to the fact that heat has the property of rising, it will always be warmer on the second floor. This will reduce the coolant circulation rate.

The pump is inserted in the same way - in the area located immediately after the heat generator before the first branch in this heating circuit. Typically, when installing two units in two-story house fuel consumption for maintenance top floor will be significantly less.

Schemes for different types of systems

Initially, it is necessary to determine the insertion area of ​​the circulation device. With its help the process is carried out active movement liquid - the flow passes through the boiler and is forcibly directed to the heating radiators.

To locate a household pump, it is necessary to determine the most convenient area so that it can be easily serviced. On the supply side, it is installed after the boiler shut-off valve.

In order to carry out Maintenance and monitoring the functioning of equipment, it is necessary to install shut-off valves. Thus, any element of the heating system can be removed without completely dismantling the line

On the return pipeline, the pump is placed after the expansion tank in front of the heat generator.

Due to the presence of various mechanical impurities in the water, for example, sand, problems may arise in the operation of the pumping mechanism. Particles contribute to jamming of the impeller, and in the worst case, stopping the motor. Therefore, you will need to install a strainer strainer directly in front of the unit.

Separately, it is worth mentioning the issue of an open-type heating system. It is capable of operating in two modes - with forced and gravity coolant circulation.

The second option is more suitable for areas with frequent power outages. This is much more economical than purchasing an uninterruptible power supply or generator. In this case, the unit with shut-off valves must be installed on, and a tap must be inserted into the direct line.

In stores you can find ready-made units with a bypass. In place of the flow valve there is a return valve spring valve. This solution is not recommended - the valve produces a resistance force of 0.1 Bar, which is considered a large indicator for circulation system gravity type.

It is better to use a reed valve instead. However, its installation is carried out strictly horizontally.

Solid fuel pump and boiler

Connecting the pump to a system with solid fuel unit carried out on the return line. In this case, the pumping device is connected to the boiler circuit with a bypass and a three-way mixing valve. In addition, the latter can be equipped with a servo drive and an overhead temperature sensor.

The connection diagram for a solid fuel boiler is based on two important elements that allow it to function effectively in the heating system of a private home. These include: security group and mixing unit based on three-way mixing valve

Due to the fact that maximum performance heating equipment fully used only during the cold period, it is possible to install a heat accumulator (TA). It is able to absorb excess heat and then, on demand, release it to the heating circuit.

This battery is designed in the form of a tank and is lined with thermal insulation material. On one side of the device there are two pipes intended for connecting it, and two on the other - for connecting to the radiator line.

The heat accumulator has two circuits: small and large. The first one receives energy from the boiler, the second one supplies coolant to the heating system as needed.

As the liquid passes through the boiler, which operates at maximum, the coolant in the heat accumulator warms up over time to 90-110 degrees. In a large circuit, the insertion of another circulation device is required.

Depending on the degree of cooling of the liquid in the heating system, the required amount of heat from the storage device will enter through the valve.

Pump installation diagram

To perform its functions, household circulation equipment, regardless of the manufacturer, must be connected to a pipe or shut-off and control valves.

Fastening is done using union nuts. This fixation option will allow you to remove it if necessary, for example, for inspection or repair.

When choosing a circulation pump model, you need to pay attention to its ability to function in different positions. Vertical placement of the device reduces its power by up to 30%

Correct installation of all elements of the heating system ensures uniform heating of the entire line.

When installing the circulation pump, the following rules must be observed:

1. It is allowed to install the device on any section of the pipe. The pipeline can be located horizontally, vertically or inclined. However, the rotor axis must be in a horizontal position. Therefore, installation “head down” or, conversely, up is impossible.
2. It is worth paying close attention to the location of the plastic box where the power supply contacts are located - they will be on top of the body. Otherwise, they may be flooded with water in an emergency. To do this, you will need to unscrew the fastening screws on the casing and turn it in the required direction.
3. Observe the direction of flow. It is indicated by an arrow on the device body.

With all its weight, the pump presses on the body of the ball valves located nearby. This should be taken into account when choosing fittings. High-quality parts are equipped with a powerful body, which during operation will not become cracked from daily stress.

Installation of additional equipment

Regardless of the type of heating circuit used, where one boiler serves as the heat producer, it will be sufficient to install a single pumping device.

If the system is structurally more complex, it is possible to use additional devices that provide forced circulation liquids.

An example of a joint wiring diagram for a solid fuel boiler paired with an electric one. This heating system has two pumping devices

This becomes necessary in the following cases:

• when heating a house, more than one boiler unit is involved;
• if there is a buffer capacity in the piping scheme;
• The heating system diverges into several branches, for example, maintenance indirect boiler, several floors, etc.;
• when using a hydraulic separator;
• when the pipeline length is more than 80 meters;
• when organizing water movement in floor heating circuits.

To perform the correct piping of several boilers operating on different fuels, there is a need to install backup pumps.

For scheme c, the installation of an additional circulation pump is also required. In this case, the main line consists of two circuits - heating and boiler.

The buffer tank divides the system into two circuits, although in practice there may be more of them

A more complex heating scheme is implemented in big houses on 2-3 floors. Due to the branching of the system into several lines, 2 or more pumps are used to pump the coolant.

They are responsible for supplying coolant to each floor to various heating devices.

Regardless of the number of pumping devices, they are installed on the bypass. In the off-season, the heating system can operate without a pump, which is shut off using ball valves

If you plan to install heated floors in the house, then it is advisable to install two circulation pumps.

In the complex, the pumping and mixing unit is responsible for preparing the coolant, i.e. maintaining the temperature at 30-40 °C.

In order for the power of the main pumping device to be sufficient to overcome the local hydraulic resistance of the floor contours, the length of the line should not be more than 50 m. Otherwise, the heating of the floors will become uneven and, accordingly, the rooms

In some cases, no installation is required at all pumping units. Many models of wall-mounted electric and gas generators already have built-in circulation devices.

Rules for connecting to power supply

The circulation pump is powered. The connection is standard. It is recommended to install a separate power supply line with a surge protector.

To connect, you need to prepare 3 wires - phase, neutral and ground.

You can choose any of the connection methods:

• via device;
• connection to the network together with an uninterruptible power supply;
• power supply to the pump from the boiler automation system;
• with thermostat regulation.

Many people wonder why complicate things, because connecting the pump can be done by connecting a plug to a wire. This is how the pumping device is plugged into a regular outlet.

A circuit with a differential machine is used for so-called wet groups. A heating system constructed in this way ensures a high degree of safety for wiring, equipment and people.

The first option is not difficult self-assembly. It is necessary to install an 8 A differential circuit breaker. The wire cross-section is selected based on the device rating.

In the standard scheme, the power supply is carried out to the upper sockets - they are marked with odd numbers, the load - to the lower ones (even numbers). Both phase and neutral will be connected to the machine, so the connectors for the latter are designated by the letter N.

To automate the process of stopping the circulation of the coolant when cooling to a certain temperature, an electrical circuit is used to connect the pump and thermostat. The second is mounted in the supply line.

At the moment when temperature regime water level drops to the specified value, the device disconnects the electrical supply circuit.

In order for the thermostat to right moment turned off the circulation process, it is installed on metal section pipeline line. Due to the poor conductivity of heat by polymers, installation on plastic pipe will result in incorrect operation of the device

There are no difficulties in supplying electricity through an uninterruptible power supply; it has special connectors for this. A heat generator is also connected to them when there is a need to provide electricity.

If you choose the method of connecting the pump to the boiler control panel or automation, you will need good knowledge of the power supply system or the help of a professional.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Rules for installing heating equipment in the video:

The video explains the features of a two-pipe heating system and demonstrates different installation schemes for devices:

Features of connecting a heat accumulator to a heating system in the video:

If you know all the connection rules, there will be no difficulties with installing the circulation pump, as well as when connecting it to the power supply at home.

The most difficult task- insertion of a pumping device into a steel pipeline. However, using a set of guides for creating threads on pipes, you can independently arrange the pumping unit.

Would you like to supplement the information presented in the article with recommendations from personal experience? Or maybe you saw inaccuracies or errors in the material reviewed? Please write to us about this in the comments block.

A real way to save on water supply for several houses nearby would be a well for two houses. Contrary to numerous anecdotes and even detective stories, the lives of most people do not live in the style of the game “How to annoy your neighbor.” Even if you do not become best friends with your neighbors, mutual respect and mutual benefit are sufficient reasons to equip a joint water well for two houses.

Connecting a well for two houses

Theoretically, it is possible to route a well from a caisson to any number of consumers. The real obstacle limiting the number of houses receiving water can only be the depletion of the well. But the only imaginary disadvantages of using a well for two houses include people’s inability to negotiate.

• On whose site will the well be located?
• How to control the electricity consumption of each pump user?
• How to divide the costs of maintenance and repairs?

If desired, any of these issues can be made a stumbling block, and as a result, having quarreled, abandon the idea of ​​supplying water to two houses from one well. But, again, if desired, any issues can be perceived as having a solution, and this solution can be found that is beneficial for each of the neighbors.

There are plenty of examples of the successful use of 1 well for two houses, and it is better to focus on them than on the opposite cases. And paying for the cost of drilling and equipping a well and installing a caisson is much more profitable by chipping in. Exactly twice as cheap!

How to connect two houses from one well?

If both buildings are located next to the well, the connection diagram for the well for two houses will not differ much from the “regular” connection to one house. The only difference is that a tee is installed on the pipe leaving the accumulator, separating the two pipelines. A membrane tank with automation is installed in a caisson.

Well connection diagram for two houses

If one of the houses is located at a distance of 100 meters or more from the well, or it will be used to supply water to not two, but several houses, each of them will have its own automatic hydraulic accumulator installed. In this case, the storage tanks should be configured according to the same parameters to ensure correct operation of each of them.

Choose professionals!

In order for the water supply to work uninterruptedly in both houses, the installation, configuration and piping of a well for two houses should be entrusted to real craftsmen. Our engineers, taking into account the conditions and wishes of the owners, will select the optimal connection diagram, select a pump for a well for two houses, which will ensure normal operation of the system, and other equipment. The installation team quickly and efficiently affordable price will install your joint water supply system!