There are many planes and planing machines available for planing boards. However, if the board is quite wide, more than 200mm, then planing it evenly, on a plane, is quite problematic, since one side of the board is convex and the other has curved edges.
In this case, it is better to use different planing techniques. The first way is to walk, not with a wide electric plane, over protruding places. This is done in order to plan evenly and prevent the plane of the board from skewing towards one of its edges.
In this case, when planing protruding edges, it is necessary to remove the thickness of the planing with a small amount of removal, and go through the same number of times on one and the other side. Finally, we plan the board on a wide planer. If there is no planer, then special knives with rounded ends are installed on the electric planer so that there is a protrusion between narrow passages, since the width of the plane when planing is less than the board.
If you have big machine, then in order to avoid distortions when planing an uneven board, convex on one side, shavings are poured onto the bed, after which the board is ground in and lies flat when planing. This simplest technique allows you to avoid distortion when planing.
You should not neglect the clamping device that many planing machines are equipped with, since they not only press the board, but also press it evenly. When achieving a smooth surface of the board, the main thing is well-sharpened and adjusted knives, plus a thin layer of planing.
If your planer is narrower than the board being processed, then you should plan the board in one pass, first on one side, then on the other. Thus. You will achieve a flat surface on a wide board.
How does the Electric Planer work?
An electric planer is a fairly popular tool in carpentry, which is used for leveling, planing and to make wood surfaces smooth. For these tasks, an electric plane will be useful to you in a separate private house, in a country house, and in an apartment. After all, without this the right tool Even installing an ordinary bench won’t cost you.
The structure of the electric planer consists of a shaft that rotates and several legs attached to it. The planer shaft is driven by an electric motor. The main working material for a plane is wood, and this is a rather heterogeneous surface. And to achieve smoothness, the motor that rotates the inner drum must be powerful enough, namely, at least 1000 rpm. The higher the power of the electric planer, the higher its productivity and the lower the possibility of overloading it during operation.
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Self-disclosure of the electric bank
Index: [hide]
- Components
- Principle of operation
A hand-held electric hook is a tool used to cut wood in the woodworking process.
Disassemble the device manually with instructions.
Electrical device diagram.
Components
The power supply of the electric gun allows connection to the network alternating current, frequency 50 Hz and voltage 220 V. The safety of craftsmen working with tools is ensured by a double layer of insulation. Therefore, a safety mechanism and grounding are not needed.
Construction details:
- single-phase motor assembly;
- flat blade knives;
- one-time transfer;
- body;
- A mechanism that controls the depth of planning;
- advanced mobile support;
- pen;
- conductive cable with plug.
Main parts of an electric gun.
The motor housing must be attached to the equipment body.
How to properly plan a wide board
Double insulation is achieved by insulating the motor armature shaft and using plastics to make the sheath. The engine is cooled by a fan, which draws air through slots on the housing cover. Air passes through the engine and is exhausted through the holes in the intermediate screen.
A cutter with two straight knives is cutting element designs.
The knives are tightened tightly. The cutter rotates with a belt drive from an electric motor in two bearings, which are compressed in the cover and body of the structure.
The drive belt parts are driven and driven by pulleys which are connected by an endless belt 15mm wide and 2mm thick.
Rotate the additional knob to set the scanning depth from 0 to 2 mm.
The mobile media will move along the guides of the device body. The handles and electric motor are installed on a common panel.
It moves by adjusting screws that provide tension to drive the drive belt. The belt should not exceed 2-4 mm.
The main lever is equipped with a device that blocks radio interference and the latch switch.
Principle of operation
Working position when working with electric shock.
The main element of an electric gun is a rotating drum on which flat knives are attached.
An electric motor with a power of at least 580-900 W with a speed of 1000 rpm must be selected for the equipment. because the texture of the treated wood may be uneven, and the surface of the structural parts must be smooth.
The rotational motion from the engine is transmitted to the milling cutter via a toothed belt. The equipment shell is made of cast aluminum. It is divided into two parts, before and after the incisors. The front part is height adjustable, allowing you to set the required chip thickness and movement on the raw wood surface.
The rear part is fixed and moves along the planned surface.
The rotating drum of many models is open on one side. Select a quarter width that will accommodate a side stopper on most models. The device can be additionally equipped with a protective cover on the side surface, which can be removed by removing the quarter.
Experts advise dismantling the electric plane using keys and a screwdriver.
On wedge blocks, the pulleys, casing and pulleys will be removed. As you remove the housing, remove the nuts, unscrew the screws, and separate the plastic motor housing halves.
The next stage of disassembly involves disconnecting the wires and removing the capacitor and switch. Then remove the cover from the motor, brush holders, brush and rear shield.
The anchor is removed from which the ball bearing and fan are removed.
The cutter is removed and the covers are removed. The cutter is dismantled and the knives are removed. The next step involves removing the front support and dismantling the mechanism that regulates the gliding depth.
How to choose an electric hook
How to use the electric plane
If you operate an electric welder correctly, make sure you use a high-quality surface and do not allow the tool to damage you. So, in this article we analyze the question of how to use the electric plane correctly.
Made knives and their installation
To ensure the machined surface is smooth and clean, you need to use electric planers with a good sharp blade and disassemble correctly, and you want to set the correct planning depth and move the planer correctly onto the surface.
Using an electric cutter with soldered knives is foolish because, firstly, the surface is rough and imprecise, and secondly, the motor scheduler in this case represents an excessive load that can lead to early wear.
The knives may be made sharper or simply discarded after drowning and new ones installed in their place, this applies to the thin knives now used in most modern electric guns. Unloaded and many sharp knives have two sharp sides, which cut the knife on one side and work on the other side. Of course, single-sided knives cannot be rotated.
More sharp knives It was best to trust specialists in special workshops, which, as a rule, are rich in cities, since special equipment is required.
However, the artisans who sharpen the knives themselves use households harshly - the most important thing here is that my eyes do not see small blows and hands, so such violations will not be unnecessary. But it's even better to sign up for a dedicated job because the process is cheap.
Now about installing the knives.
Using an electric plane with blades that are not adequately open can be hazardous to health and cause unpleasant results on the treated surface. Knives on different planes can be installed differently. How best to replace it in the instructions. The knife, once installed, should be supported evenly on the outside of the drum without distortion. The degree to which the knife is pulled out of the drum can be determined with a ruler.
After adjusting the blades, we set the planning depth to the plane and then apply a ruler to the back of the knife so that it is parallel to the front sole of the plane.
Now you can measure the distance between the front sole and the first straight edge with the second straight edge. This must match the displayed planning depth.
After installing the blades, make sure they do not touch the body of the plane and rotate the drum by hand. And all work, of course, must be done with the plug being pushed out of the network.
Surface treatment
When planning you should follow a few simple rules that will achieve the best results.
The worker who is to be processed must be securely secured so that he does not get lost during the operation.
If you are going to use electric planers on large, heavy brackets or plates, the key here is that they were on a fairly flat surface and because they don't need to be repaired because they are so intricate and won't slip away.
Before applying a plane to a workpiece, it must first be turned on and allowed to rotate completely in the air, and then remove the chips.
The guide plane on the surface is desirable without movement and stops at a speed of 1.5-2 m/min. If you work at this speed, then it is guaranteed best quality processing.
The depth of adjustment depends on the rough surface. This happens because the grill or stove burns on the saw blades in such a way that the surface becomes rippled. Such surfaces are best suited for maximum rotation depth and then machined at a lower level.
This may require more than one pass, but more.
Use an electric plane so that the pressure during gliding is applied evenly across the entire sole. However, when you have just laid down the machined surface flat, you need to lightly press down on the front. And when it comes to the end, you need to press hard on the last part. This will prevent edges from forming along the edges of the panel or blocking blocks. The clamping force can only be determined by experience.
Sometimes there are differences between planned adjacent passages.
To prevent them from occurring and to repair them if they do occur, some experience can be gained. If such differences occur, they can be removed so that they intersect the plane with a minimum planning depth. At the same time, it should be operated in such a way that the tool is not subjected to strong pressure.
If your aircraft supports the quarterly delete feature and you decide to use it, follow these steps.
First, you must install the included side panel. This is done according to the instructions, with different models that can be fixed in their own way. Then make sure that the side of the panel where you remove the quarter is straight and has no differences. If it is uneven, the lateral support that runs next to it will repeat the irregularity and the quarter will be mistakenly removed.
As you work to remove the quarter, be sure to press flat, top or side.
Sometimes when we forget to compress the plane laterally, it moves towards the edge and the quarter moves away unevenly again.
Video “Quarter Quarter” (2:01)
How to Use the Electric Plane Safely
If you need to use an electric plane, follow certain safety rules to protect your body from harm.
Of course, before starting work you must make sure that the insulation is at electric gun to be worn is in good condition. If there are holes or cracks in the wire, the wire must be replaced.
Do not use an electrical plane with damaged wires.
In addition, as mentioned above, the electric plane must be unplugged, otherwise it may be left fingerless or damaged electric shock in case of unintentional start.
Additionally, it was mentioned that the electric gun must be turned on before the soleplate comes into contact with the workpiece.
And only after reaching full speed, bring it to wooden surface. Even after releasing the switch on the plane, you must wait until the cutter drum comes to a complete stop before inserting it.
If it is plugged in but has been left without a working electrical plane for some time, it should be placed on its side so that if it is inadvertently turned on, it cannot move anywhere.
These are the characteristics of using the electric plane.
We hope you found this article helpful.
Video “How to work as a director” (6:20)
Based on materials from the site: http://instrument-tehnika.ru
How to level a plate using an electric gun.
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Today the boards had to be aligned so that they fit together. At the beginning and end of the panel it was very difficult, they got grooves.
How to use an electric plane?
How to do it right?
alex78sol
October 15, 2016
at 19:23 If the aircraft has the ability to mount to a workbench, it is better to rotate it and repair and direct it.
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An electric planer is the ideal tool when you need to level the surface of boards along the grain. Planing of wood is carried out using rotating cuts, which are powered by an electric motor. At the same time, the front ski periodically rises and falls, thus regulating the cutting cutter, which penetrates the wood.
Before you start working with an electric planer, you need to know that the board must be secured to the workbench with maximum strength.
Then you need to move the tool along the surface, you should not press it, you just need to move it in the given direction.
When working with such a tool, you need to take into account that it should move only in the direction of fiber growth. In this case, shavings and sawdust should not get under the skis; this must be monitored very carefully, otherwise the consequences can be very negative.
Before the second and third approaches, the electric planer must be turned off, after which it returns to the starting position. Then you need to give the tool a little rest, and only after that the work process resumes. When the break begins, the instrument should be placed on its side, or you can put it with its skis up. It is very important to take all necessary precautions when working with such a tool.
Particular attention should be paid to a preliminary check of the serviceability of the electrical wiring. During a break, the tool must be unplugged from the network; during operation, it must be handled with the utmost care. It must be remembered that careless use of such a tool can cause the most negative consequences.
Rules for working with an electric planer
- It must be taken into account that the surface processed with an electric planer does not always turn out to be perfectly smooth and even. This situation can arise for various reasons:
- Cutting cutters are not sharpened properly (this is the main reason for poor quality work).
After the working process comes to an end, the cutters must be carefully removed from the grooves, then cleaned with kerosene, after which everything is neatly placed in the box. The product must be secured on a table or in a vice, then you need to make sure that the plane moves easily. It should be taken into account that when you turn it on for the first time, the electric planer twitches strongly and gains momentum. After the rotation becomes maximum, the tool must be smoothly brought towards the product and try to hold it in the initial position
The tool is guided only forward; no distortions or turns are allowed. It must be taken into account that the thinner the product being processed, the faster it needs to be passed over it. You should not use excessive force for this, as everything may become stuck. Once the straight line is completed, the motor should be stopped, after which the electric planer is moved to a new position. Then you can start working again.
Even when the tool is turned off, its cutting parts must be handled very carefully.
Many beginners are interested in the question of how to work with an electric planer. At first glance, there is nothing complicated: plug it into a power outlet, press a button, move it back and forth across the surface, removing chips. However, during the first attempts, the result is not always impressive.
When purchasing a tool, you need to check its functionality, completeness and appearance. It is worth paying attention to the sharpening quality of the installed knives. If the kit contains spare knives, you need to check them too. The cutting edge should be smooth, sharp, without gouges or bends. All other settings should be checked at home in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
Checking and adjusting the position of the front plate
All adjustments to the tool must be made in the off state. The plug must be unplugged from the socket, otherwise you can not only damage the electric planer, but also cause serious injury.
When checking the position of the knives, the front plate must be set to the minimum planing depth position using the standard adjustment knob. Place the electric planer on a flat, hard surface with the drum facing up.
To check, you can use a metal ruler or a piece of window glass of suitable size. The drum with knives should be rotated until one of the knives is in the upper position, above the drum axis. The ruler or glass must be laid on the slabs along the plane. The surfaces must be in the same plane.
If the control device on any of the plates is tilted, you need to check the position of the front plate and adjust it. Such a defect occurs during long-term use of the tool without Maintenance. Internal cavities may become clogged wood dust and small shavings. Excessive force on the depth adjustment handle displaces it from its original position.
To eliminate the defect, you need to remove the handle, the front plate, clean the cavities from dust and chips, and lubricate them. Place the plate in place, check the installation using a ruler, secure the handle, checking that the dial matches the index mark.
Adjusting the position of the cutting edge
Adjustment of the position of the knives is carried out according to two parameters:
- height of the cutting edge relative to the back plate;
- the size of the protruding part of the knife for planing quarters.
Having installed the ruler or glass, you need to rotate the drum, controlling the gap between the knife and the device at the edges of the slabs. The edge of the knife should lightly touch the tool without lifting it. If the knife clings to the device or does not reach it, the position must be adjusted.
Typically, knives are secured with a special wedge with expansion bolts. Using an 8 or 10 wrench, you need to screw the bolts into a wedge until the bolt moves freely. Then, using the installed eccentrics, align the height of the cutting edge with the device. Tighten (unscrew) the mounting bolts and check the position again. The desired result can be achieved after several repetitions of this operation.
At the same time as adjusting the height of the cutting edge, you need to control the protruding part of the quarter planing knife. Optimal size must be specified in the manufacturer's instructions. On most models it is 1 mm. The size is set by moving the knife left or right along the axis of the drum. It is important to set the size correctly. It should be the same on all knives. This can be achieved by using a feeler gauge of a certain size or by measuring the distance with a caliper (a caliper with a protruding back) from the edge of the knife to the drum. After adjusting the first knife, you need to move on to the next ones. The operation for all knives is performed similarly. If a knife cannot be installed in the required position, you need to remove the wedge and check the eccentrics for integrity and free rotation.
The adjustment must be completed by checking the free rotation of the drum and the fastening of all knives.
Preparing for work
The tool can be used in two positions:
- stationary position: the electric planer is attached to a rigid, stable surface;
- portable: the tool is moved manually along the workpiece.
Many models come with special clamps and a bracket for the start button. In a stationary position, it is more convenient to process short-length lumber, which can be moved along the tool alone. It is advisable to process long workpieces with a portable electric planer.
The wood must be dried; raw lumber is poorly processed. The board must be firmly secured to a hard surface. The part should not sag under the weight of the plane and shift during operation in any direction. When processing side surfaces on a workbench, it is advisable to install them on special fastenings that protect them from bending and movement. In the area of rotation of the drum with knives there should be no metal elements (brackets, nails, screws) on the surface being processed or fastening elements. Hitting the metal will leave a gouge in the blades, and a protrusion will form on the surface being treated. The knives will have to be sharpened, removing a thick layer of metal, or replaced.
Surface treatment
An electric planer can perform three operations:
- chamfer at different angles;
- select quarters on blanks;
- plan surfaces.
The main purpose of the tool is to plan surfaces of various lengths and widths.
When working, the plane must be placed on the surface of the workpiece with the front plate so that the knives do not touch the surface. Press the start button, after picking up speed (the sound stops changing pitch) begin moving the plane along the surface. The tool must be held strictly parallel to the surface being processed, the movement must be uniform, without jerking or stopping. When starting to move, you need to increase the pressure on the front part, and when exiting the surface to the rear part. The plane should work smoothly, without vibration. If strong vibration occurs or the sound changes during operation, you need to turn off the tool, determine and eliminate the cause of the abnormal operation.
The depth of the passage must be set depending on the processing purposes. If you need to change the size of the workpiece, you can use maximum size. When leveling the surface, it is advisable to work with a shallow processing depth, achieving the required quality in several passes.
Also, the depth of processing depends on the material. Hard rocks should be passed several times at shallow depths to avoid overloading the tool.
Additional tool features
To remove chamfers, you need to use a special triangular groove cut out on the front plate of the plane.
The tool should be positioned with the groove at the angle to be processed, launched and moved along the part while maintaining the tilt. The first pass is made along the slot; subsequent passes, if necessary, are carried out in the usual manner.
To make quarters on a plane, you need to install an additional stop to limit movement away from the direction of movement. The second stop, limiting the depth of the quarter, is located on the side surface. The stops must be set to the required dimensions. The distance should be measured from the angle of the cutting edge of the knife in the upper position. The quarter selection is performed in several passes. If the vertical surface of the quarter turns out to be steps, it is necessary to increase the protrusion of the knives beyond the side surface of the plane.
A wide surface of lumber can be processed in several passes. Processing should begin from the left edge, setting the adjustment to the minimum depth. The next pass should be performed offset to the right by about a third of the length of the knives. In this way you need to go across the entire width of the workpiece. If the quality is unsatisfactory, repeat the surface treatment in a similar way.
Conclusion on the topic
An electric planer will help to significantly reduce the time it takes to complete the work and save money on purchasing lumber.
When working, you must comply with the necessary safety requirements to avoid serious injuries to limbs and other parts of the body.
Carrying out work with an electric planer is not a very difficult task if you have minimal skills in working with it. But it will be somewhat more difficult to plane a wide board with an electric planer. Not every specialist can do this kind of work efficiently. This is due to the difficulty of removing a uniform layer between the processing boundaries.
Execution of work: instructions
In order to achieve high-quality processing of the board, before this you must first do a trial processing on waste lumber. In this case, the plane can be used in different modes work: this is manual mode and stationary. The stationary mode consists of passing the workpiece through the rotating blade part of the plane.
In order to carry out work using manual mode, it is necessary to configure the tool before starting the process. not much different from the usual settings hand plane. To do this, you need to adjust the cutting depth of its knives. Most often this size is 1-4 mm. When making adjustments, it is necessary to take into account the fact that a smaller depth of planing of the material will improve the quality of its processing.
Moreover, setting the knife to a shallow cutting depth will allow it to move more easily across the workpiece. In this case, you need to press the tool on the edge of the passage and round the back edge of the edge (which will help avoid injury).
The less the rotating knife protrudes beyond the sole of the plane, the smaller the layer of wood it will remove, therefore the boundaries between different passes will be less noticeable.
In the case when deep processing of the material is necessary, then during the first pass the plane knives are adjusted to the maximum processing depth. And then they are reconfigured and more precise finishing planing is performed.
Over time, you can acquire the skill to correctly complete a pass on the back edge of the material and select the correct planing depth. This will help speed up the work process and complete it not in 8-10 passes, but in 4-5.
To correctly adjust the knives, which depends on the difference in the upper marks between the front and rear ends of the plane, it must be done using a bench ruler.
Return to contents
Proper wood processing
When using an electric planer, it is necessary to choose the correct direction for processing the material.
It is usually taken along the direction of the grain of the wood. But in the case when workpieces are processed, which are assembled from several boards or bars that have large protrusions at the joints, then processing can be carried out in a diagonal direction. The electric planer knives rotate at a fairly high speed and therefore allow this procedure to be performed. Of course, ordinary hand tools It won't work that way.
In order to ensure that the processed edge does not turn out when processing with an oblique, it is necessary to use an angular stop, and not rely only on individual skill and eye. It must be attached to the side of the instrument to its base, in a strictly perpendicular position relative to its axis. Now to plan, you need to place the plane firmly on the plane of the board, and its base should be located exactly at an angle of 90 degrees.
The angle stop must be secured very firmly, since during long work the screws securing it may become loose, leading to tarring work surface planer If this does happen, then you need to wipe it with white spirit.
To avoid chipping the edges of the board, they need to be dulled a little. This is done by chamfering. The same procedure must be performed on parts that will then be varnished. This will help create a smooth transition line between the two surfaces.
Having completed the processing of the wide board, you can resort to the procedure of sanding it. Sanding is the process of aligning the seams between different passes on a board. It is performed using a special machine. Processing such as scraping must also be performed in the direction of the grain of the board. Its use will remove all unnecessary roughness.
