Many owners of country sites visits the thought of the pond device at their dacha. If you belong to this category, but you are stopping the high cost of this event, then for you we provide step by step guide. Following him, you do not just decorative pondBut and set fish in it, do a beautiful, as in the photo, design - and all this with your own hands.
Since an artificial pond on the plot is an interesting highlight, then it should not be modestly placing it somewhere aside. The reservoir should notice immediately at the entrance to the site. It is intended to admire them and admired. At the planning stage, it is necessary to rely on such 9 factors:
Attention! Strong illumination contributes to intensive water heating, which leads to a decrease in oxygen level. This destructively acts on the fish living in the pond.
Step by step arrangement of the pond with their own hands
The device of the pond on the plot seems difficult to many things, but it is only necessary to want this creative process so that all difficulties will go to the background. There are 2 basic options for creating a pond: based on the finished container and using a polymer film. Having bought a form of PVC or fiberglass, the construction time of the pond can be significantly reduced. The procedure itself is extremely simple:
- digging pita;
- establish form;
Better looks like a pond of the wrong shape - filled with sand emptiness;
- plant plants;
- fill the bowl of water.
Attention! More reliable is a fiberglass bowl, with rubber amplification.
The variant of the pond based on the polymer film gives more freedom in the choice of a reservoir form. It is used as a simple polyethylene film, and PVC, the service life is greater. But the most reliable is a butyl rubber membrane. Consider how to equip a pond with the use of film:
At the bottom of the pond put waterproofing materials Some dackets before falling asleep sand, failed with a layer of clay and give it to dry. This allows you to perfectly smooth out the irregularities that guaranteed to retain the integrity of the film.
Tip: So that the film becomes more elastic, hold it in the sun before laying.
Choosing a filter for a pond
If you decide to settle in your pond fish, you will have to purchase a filter to provide them comfortable conditions. The filter will clean the water from the residues of feed, the products of the lifeiness of the inhabitants of the reservoir, nitrogen, will not allow to excessively multiply by harmful bacteria and algae. There are many models of this device, but when choosing should be processed from the volume of the pond.
The most popular are economical and easy-to-use filters pressure. They are not visible in water, because it is possible both to install them at depth and in the ground on the shore. And they use them for water bodies of less than 60 cubic meters. M. Most pressure filters are equipped with a 3-speed filtration system: mechanical, biological, ultraviolet. Having such a filter, you can arrange a fountain, because He raises the filtering water, on a 2-meter height.
Purchase a filter for water purification For a larger reservoir, a flow filter is appropriate, having a less complex design than pressure. The water supplied by the pump is cleaned in the compartment for filtration, and then the waterfall flows back into the pond. Often it cleans hundreds of water liters, so it's hard to notice it on the shore. For such a device will have to lay out a decent amount, but, oddly enough, it is not difficult to make it alone at all.
This requires a submersible pump and some container. At the bottom and walls of the People, the holes are drilled, fill it with filtering components - foam-knocked in rolls, clay, closed in agrofiber, washcloths, foam rugs. The jet of water supplied by the pump in the container, trying to flow into the pond samothycom.
We select plants for the pond
In the coastal zone, low plants are planted - the showingly or vice versa, it all depends on the location of the home lake. The picturesque picture is created on the shore of the lake Hosts, while the blue prefer the shadow, and the green - half-day.
The shade grows well with narrow leaves, sometimes growing up to 0.8 m. In a fellow, an unpretentious Derbennik with beautiful purple inflorescences feels great. In a sunny place planted with praying.
Well decorate the shore of the pond, which is in a half, fern of any kind. On the wet soil It grows well. The same conditions love Astilba. For the landing at the pond, its low-spirited species will be suitable.
So that the pond looks natural, put on its shores of the plant If the pond is large enough, put on the shore of the Peltifylum (Darmer) - perennial, in the form of bushes with a diameter of up to 0.5 m and a height of up to 1 m, a plant with laid leaves of a rounded form.
At the second level, the ponds are traditionally planted. Hybrid nimfeies are distinguished by a variety of colors color, but do not overload the pond with many instances, they grow up and only interfere with each other.
Solar shallow water is a good place for Aira. In a large water reservoir, the swamp looks organically, and in a small - low AIR cereal. Some types of irises are also preferred in low water.
Unpretentious whitefall - a popular plant for a pond. In May-June, a flower appears in the form of a sample, and then the berries of red, but do not forget that they are poisonous.
A felting vanilla water hawthorn, in water it is very growing, reaching in diameter 0.5 m. It refers to deep-water plants. It looks original, covering the pond with a green carpet, a miniature, floating on the surface of aosolla. But with it will have to fight, periodically catching bushes, similar to the fern.
Boldly embody your dream into reality! Let you not frighten possible difficultiesIn most cases, fears are exaggerated.
Pond in the country, do it yourself: video
In the future, this is a miracle, will delight you and all of your guests who will remain in full delight.
How to choose a place that is most suitable for the pond
It is necessary to determine the choice of a place that comes to the target you seen. Choosing a platform, you need to pay attention to the lighting. The territory should be well lit, but not under the scoring sun, and is not in a permanent shadow. Since many plants can negatively affect such growth conditions, and they will lose their natural look.
The sun is the main enemy, for plants in your pond. Some plants can cause the "bloom" of water, and will give you great inconvenience, with constant cleaning. Since the ponds made by their own hands are not very deep, then fish and plants in the heat will not be very comfortable. Also think about your place of rest near the pond, in a strong heat, you will not be very relaxing there.
The best location will be, if the morning and evening the sun will warm the pond, as the temperature is acceptable, and during the daytime, shadow from home or fence, will cover it. It is also necessary to take into account that it should be located away from trees that the material can damage the material from which the pond is made.
Materials required for manufacture
The pond can be made of such materials:
- Polyvinyl chloride coating;
- Butyl rubber film;
- Ready tanks for the pond. (Reinforced concrete, or plastic)
That polyethylene is not suitable for the manufacture of a pond, so the term of its operation is only 1- 2 years.
According to the polyvinyl chloride coating, it will serve you about 15 years, and a butyl accepted film for almost 50 years, although its cost will be much more expensive. Also, some gardeners use reinforced concrete bowls, but most of all the same prefer plastic tanks. They are a product whose size can be chosen for their site. This bowl is durable, but still you need to be careful that there are no cracks on it, have greater frost resistance, so it's not scary to install them even with our climate.
Preparatory stage
Prepare a place, remove everything too much. If we use the film, then the form of the pond is arbitrary if you have a bowl, then with the help of a shovel, we supply the contour. And begin to drip, it is the most difficult stage of work. If you have a bowl, then drip needed by 5 cm deeper than its height. When using a film, you yourself think about the preference of the depths of your pond.
When the pond is dug, you need to pour sand onto the bottom, and it will be good to ravage, the sand will serve as a pond drainage. We install the bowl in place, trying not to be empty, as they can later lead to the cracks of the bowl. After installation, cover the bowl of the film, and lock the stone. They can natural, or artificial everything depends on your imagination.
When buying a film, you need to pay attention to its color, as there is a very large color scheme on the market.
Let's proceed to the inspirational stage of work, it is a pond decoration with a variety of plants. Many gardeners use pita, this is the most popular plant for such ponds. Space them on a special fabric that keeps the root system well at the bottom. You can also decorate a not a big fountain, which looks very beautiful, and murmuting it will help you relax you and your family.
You can also run the fish into your mini pond, karasi, carps and many other varieties are good. If all the same launched the inhabitants, taking care of from accommodation, you need to install a filter that your pond would not clog and your fish were comfortable.
How to make a pond, putting in it a minimum cost
Many gardeners make ponds, from old baths or tanks, which will be much cheaper, since it is not necessary to spend money on the bowls that are not cheap. It will look like your bath will not be worse than the pond equipped with a bowl, although loses in size.
They dig a ditch, 20 cm deeply bath, and install the bath, we fall asleep sand on the sides. After that, we laid the film, and with the help of glue tile, we put the stones that will give the naturalness of your mini pond. Stones need to be placed not around the perimeter of the bath, but slightly increasing around the edges, to increase the visually pond.
At the bottom of our pond, pour clay, and knead the solution there, and with her help cement mortar Between the stones, which will give your pond a more natural look. When the clay is dry, and this will happen after 2 hours, you can pour water, thin trickle, and start decoking it.
Car tire pond
Tire from which will be very beautiful pond, should be from the tractor or dump truck. With the help of a grinder, spill the top of the tire.
- I dig up a hole so that the tire is fluent in it. At the bottom of the pond lay small sand, for the drainage of our future pond. You can also protect your future pond from the roots of trees, and protecting it, the road cannon.
- We laid waterproofing, in the form of a film that is 50 cm, should go beyond the edges of the future pond.
- Once again, well smoothed the film, and fill the scene, at the edges of the pond, we sprinkle sand, and put the decor, in the form of stones that will keep the film, and protect it from slipping.
- If the lid is used from Belaz, it can be used for swimming, and make in the form of a small pool. Then to decorate the territory around the pond, it stands in the form of small pebbles, which will be pleasant to come in the future.
- If you use in the form of decorating your site, you can decorate with a variety of plants, large stones at the edges.
- Also in the center, with the help of a small pump it is possible to make a fountain.
As you can see, if you want to want to make a pond with your own hands on a plot, from a different material suitable for you.
Pond in the country with their own hands
A small homemade pond is capable of converting a landscape of any yard. In the pond itself and around it it is recommended to plant new plants to make a plot more comfortable and unusual.
Rest with the whole family on the shore of the pond will be a pleasant event for everyone. You can build such a pond with our own forces without any assistance.
There are several basic types of water bodies intended for different purposes. Some perform a purely decorative function, and serve as a place for planting aquatic plants. In others, the fish is often bred, and there are also where you can swim all summer.
Therefore, before taking care of the construction of a pond, it should be determined by its main purpose.
Choosing a reservoir construction site
An ideal place of construction is considered a well-covered territory that is on some removal from home or other premises.
Many plants growing on the water love the sun, so an artificial pond should not be in the shade of trees. It is better to choose an open zone in the yard or garden.
When choosing a place of construction, it should be borne in mind that the close finding of bushes and deciduous trees near may be the cause of complex reservoir care.
Leaves, branches and other garbage can quickly pollute the water, which will cause the death of the pond water plants. But coniferous trees perfectly complement the picture.
If the neighborhood with deciduous trees is impossible to avoid, then it is necessary to cover with water on the autumn-winter period by a grid and a polyethylene film.
The sizes of the pond play a crucial role, because special biobalans needs plants and living organisms in the water.
To maintain the level of biobalans, you only need to observe the proportion between the area of \u200b\u200bthe reservoir and its depth. If the area is large, and the depth is insufficient, water will quickly bloom. In deep, but small reservoirs, plants and fish will also be inconvenient. The minimum pond area should be at least three or four square meters. The level of groundwater occurs determines the depth of the reservoir.
Water from the film
There is a special film from polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene and other materials with similar properties.
The service life of a special film is about ten years. Sold plastic for water bodies with rolls with a width from 2 to 10 meters. This size avoids the gluing of individual elements to achieve the desired width. The film itself is of different thickness. The deeper the artificial reservoir, the thicker the film. Classic polyethylene in rolls for such tasks is not suitable.
The size is calculated by the formula: the length of the film \u003d 2 of the pond length and the stock.
The width is also calculated. For stock leaves about 60 cm.
The most favorable time to arrange an artificial reservoir - spring-summer, when the temperature is higher than +20. Before direct installation, the film is left in the sun, which makes it more elastic in a couple of hours.
Naturally, the pond needs a pit.
For plant landing, they will need peculiar shelves along the contour of the pond at 15 cm. Before laying the film to the bottom, it is necessary to prepare from sand with a thickness of 10 cm. Next lace out the film, fixing it with stones, and fill the pond with water.
Stones laid on the edges of the pond look very beautifully. For them make a special groove, and the stones themselves are fixed with concrete solution.
Reservoir from the finished plastic form
Finished plastic baths perfectly carry any temperatures, differ in sufficient strength.
The tank walls usually make up 3 mm, which requires accurate transportation of the container. Even a small crack will be stuck very problematic. In addition to resistance to temperature drops, plastic baths look attractive.
For digging, it is necessary to transfer the contour of the container to the soil according to its form.
How to make a pond in the country's own hands step by step
To do this, the bowl is installed in the place of digging and translate its contour to the surface of the soil. The depth of the pit matches the depth of the plastic bath + 40-50 mm on the base. Alignment of the water branch horizontally is performed using building level and a smooth boards installed on the surface of the bowl.
Kotlovan falling asleep with sand, which thoroughly tram. Plastic container Mounted on the surface, deepen, gradually pouring the earth in the right places.
By installing the tank, it is once again tested on the horizontality and only after that is filled with water.
Decorating artificial pond
Of course, the homemade pond is already decorated with any site.
But next to the reservoir, you can additionally install the gazebo to relax with the soul and body, looking at the surface of the water. In addition, it is possible to organize fountains in an artificial reservoir, working using special pumps, to equip multi-colored backlight.
In general, you can turn small pond In a colorful spectacle. It all depends on the desire and fantasy.
For fountains there are special pumps: surface and underwater. For a high fountain, a submarine pump will be required, and for the real water attraction, you can purchase a surface model.
For a real water show, highlight will be required. All lamps intended for installation in water bodies work from 12 volts.
Mini-spotlights can be installed on the surface of water or even under water. The backlight of the pond in such a way gives him a truly unusual and stunning appearance.
Video
Undoubtedly, everyone who owns the cottages, private plot or private property, wants a beautiful decorative pond on his land. Now it is considered a luxury and something exotic. It is believed that the realization of dream is actually expensive and expensive. We will try to show how with small financial costs we create a decorative pond with our own hands.
Consider a simple and inexpensive way to create a pond.
Polyethylene film is used as a water tank. The main advantages of this material are:
- low cost;
- prevalence (almost every market);
- easy storage;
- service life - 2-3 years, depending on the thickness.
We are preparing materials and tools
To make a decorative pond on our site we need:
- contour for the contour of the pond;
- shovels and buckets;
- sand, ruins, demolition stone;
- polyethylene film (define itself, depending on the size of the pond;
- The faithful servant and 3 days of free time.
We think about the form and preparation of the cave for the future decorative pond
After the preparation of everything you need, start.
The first thing we do is to determine the form of the future pond. Round, oval, rectangular, curved, etc. It all depends on your imagination. After determining the form, for example, a curved pond, it must be attached to the ground and drag the rope along its perimeter to see the frame of the future pond. When we finish this phase, around the perimeter of the rope in a bayonet bayonet (about 20 centimeters), we pull out a ditch that transmits a plot of a pond to the ground. In the future, it will be easier to dig, without worrying that the borders of the pond affected.
When we finish the label, we continue hard work - a hammer.
First pour the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe pond on 1 bayonet, then onto the second, third. As practice shows, the decorative garden pond is sufficiently depth of 3 bays, 50-70 cm.
Align the bottom so that the pond depth everywhere is the same.
Even with the upper edges of the pond, otherwise it will be unevenly filled.
After performing the work, it is necessary to remove all the roots, stones, sharp items from the walls and from the foundation cave. If this is not done, they can cause the appearance of holes in the film later.
The bottom of the pond must be filled with sand.
The layer must be 10-15 centimeters. Sand will serve as a crunch pad for the film.
We created the film
After completing the work described above, continue to use the most thorough polyethylene foil deposited in the cave. It is important to correctly calculate the size of the film to squeeze the excavation from the edges of 30-50 centimeters.
We put it well and tried to straighten large wrinkles.
It is better if three small ridges have one big acronym.
The top should be more dense and durable.
Water filling
Placeing a film at the bottom of the pond and on his walls (the film should be integral), you can start pumping water. Perhaps this is the only time you can relax in the process.
Filling the base pond with water 2/3, turn the edge of the film along the edge and place the rustic stone with gravel along the edge of the pond on it.
Place the stones on the edge of the pond, still fill it with water.
If you fill in the pond, you can take into account that the work is completed. The area around it can be planted with flowers, decorative shrubs, multiple sculptures, lamps.
How to make a pond in the country with your own hands?
Finally, you can buy a small fountain that will significantly improve the effect.
As for the care of ponds, change the water at least once a month, and catch the beetles, leaves and other organic waste on it.
After a detailed consideration of this method of creating a decorative pond in the garden plot, we can say with confidence that this is not a complex and not very expensive business.
If you decide to spend a few days and a little time to create a pond, you will get a wonderful decoration on your website, moisten the air in hot weather And admire your loved ones.
Take a look at the photo of the pond, which we have at the beginning of the article.
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Creating a pond on the site
Many people who own large areas where they can not only build a house, but also equip other objects, will think about creating their own pond, which will give the charm and attractiveness of the territory, but also create original and comfortable seats.
Such a pond may have small sizes, but at the same time it will be proud of every person. Perfect solution It is to decorate it with a variety of interesting materials, in addition, you can make a sandy beach or lie on the edges of different stones. For a pond, you can even use special water flowers that will be very beautiful and sophisticated.
The process of creating a pond in place with your own hands
Initially, it is necessary to determine where the water body will be, as well as what specific sizes and characteristics they will have.
To do this, you need to focus on places that are well protected from the wind, and in hot weather, the pond should be in the shade.
As the artificial reservoir is created, it is important to supply various communication networks and install equipment. To do this, it should be an opportunity, so the place of the pond should be chosen properly.
At the same time, the tank must be where it will have permanent access, so if you want, you can relax on the shore.
Next to the pond should not be too many trees, because in autumn it will not quickly get polluted and sticky leaves, which can cause the formation of various dangerous bacteria.
By deciding where to be a pond, you can start practical work.
First, they must create a cave that should have the necessary parameters. This work can be performed using special equipment and manually using shovels. In this case, all walls must have a small bias on the bottom, and all surfaces should be well closed.
All walls need to be distinguished by the presence of exactly the same parameters, so this issue should be considered immediately, as well as check by level.
How to make a pond in the country with your own hands: 4 real channels and 30 ideas
In addition, walls and bottom covered waterproofing materialrepresented in the form of a cylinder, and the roof material is also suitable for this purpose.
The next stage of the work is to create a screed for which it is necessary to form a high-quality and homogeneous mixture that has the necessary parameters.
It must contain portland cement and crushed stone, sand and a certain amount of water. Pour the resulting solution in the cave, which should be used for vertical and horizontal formwork. The thickness of the layer should be exactly the same at any point of the screed, but it must be at least 100 mm to get a high-quality and durable layer. We should not forget that in the ground they will pass pipes leading to the pond.
For this reason, the screed must have a proper hole through which the water pump will work and its kit. The tube must lead to the nearest pond or another place where you can take water, as well as where it can be empty.
This system must also be equipped with special pumping equipment, and various valves and other elements for its operation were very lighter.
Pipes must be laid in the ground for which you need to create ditches around the perimeter, the depth of which should be below the freezing level. It is also desirable that all elements located in the Earth have been wrapped in high-quality and reliable heat insulating materialswhich can last long underground.
The exhaust screed must be strengthened, for which high-quality reinforcement rods are used, which must be laid along the screed and above them. In places where all items are connected, they must be connected to flexible and durable wire. The screed is cured for about a month, and during this time it must be covered with burlap and sometimes moistened so that it does not burst.
As soon as concrete screed will be fully ready, you can run the casing so that you can use finishing material Or without it.
The ideal solution is to use marble tiles, but if there is no money for this material, plastic tiles will be durable, durable and reliable and have an attractive appearance.
The next step is that the cave is completely filled with water with pump and pipelines embedded in the ground. We should not forget that once a year it is necessary to completely dry the pond so that the water is restored, and the unnecessary bacteria did not arise.
Created pond needs interesting design and decoration, which makes it a real culmination of this territory.
To do this, you can make a bridge or a small platform and put stones or sand around the rim. An excellent solution will be the creation of water beds of lilies or water lilies.
In addition, you can organize an interesting and attractive fountain in the center or use other elements for decoration. If you want to create a fountain, you will need to spend a lot of money, because he needs a reliable site, as well as the delivery of special equipment.
In the immediate vicinity of the pond, it is advisable to create a seating area with sun loungers and benches to enjoy a pleasant cooling in a hot summer artificial pond.
Thus, the pond on the site is also pretty simple with your own hands, if you do the work properly, the rates will be agreed and competent.
Many daches want to somehow diversify their summer accommodation. They create beautiful ponds in the yard. The pond is artificially created by water, for breeding fish or irrigation. Created by their own hand in the garden - this is art.
How to make a little pond in the country do it yourself
How to create a little pond in the country? Before you need to choose a place for the future reservoir. Correctly chosen place for the future pond will save you from every problem. The right plot for the pond should look like this:
- there will be no trees on it, since the leaves are creepy, and the roots germinate so that it is possible to damage the bottom;
- on the surface should fall a large number of the sun, and for a long time, because it contributes to the development of plants;
- there must be an additional space, because over time you can expand it, so it is better to consider this option in advance;
- the surface is needed smooth.
And, most importantly, remember that the pond cannot and should not occupy more than 3% of the area of \u200b\u200bthe cottage! From various sources, we found out that Fengshui specialists offer best way Placement of the reservoir in front of the house so that they can be admired from the window. In order for the plants to feel good, it is necessary to make steps.
Sleeping ponds in shallow water, and at the lower level of the pond winter fish. Also should not make a pit of more than 2 meters deep. In size, a small pond is about 3 square meters. Small pond - favorable solution. Materials and forces to create such a masterpiece will leave less.
By the way, a small pond will have to be cleaned much more often, because there is little space for the inhabitants who could clean it.
How to make a big pond in the country do it yourself
How to create a large reservoir on the site? The layout of the pond will be the same as for the small one, they do not differ in this. If the area of \u200b\u200bthe plot is small, then you should not do the pond big. When choosing a water area, it is important to relate the following: your own desires or opportunities.
If still, the reservoir turned out to be huge for the site, then a small island will help to get out of this position - it looks very cute and interesting. Also consider both the next criterion, the plot is large and it will be better to look at the composition of a small amount of water bodies that can be connected to the stream. You can also finish the masterpiece by bridge, throw it through the reservoir and decorate with flowers.
How to make a decorative pond in the country do it yourself
How to make a decorative pond? Such ponds are deeper than others. They decorated amazing manner With the help of fountains, bridges. Decorative reservoirs usually create near the house, terrace or arbors. They become in this case a seating area. The great saying of Jerome K.Jerom: "A person can look at the water for a long time."
The depth of the pond determines the intensity of water flowering. Plants causing this process multiply in shallow water. The bottom of the pond can be of different shapes. It should be known that the zone of planting shallow depth (25-50 cm) and deep-water, depth of more than 50 cm, plants. The depth of the pond determines the slope of the underwater coast. Natural is the slope of less than 30 °.
Types and ideas for the pond
The next stages of creating a pond on the plot will be the choice of a pond style. Landscape pond looks very natural. With the correct creation of such a reservoir, it seems that he has been here for a long time. It is important to remember the following: if the pond is small, then the coastline should be smooth. If, on the contrary, large size, then with its borders you can do in every way.
Such ponds are better to have away from prying eyes, in silence and alone with nature. This pond is drawn up in different ways: you can decorate with boulders, plant shrubs or place under any lush tree. The advantages of such water bodies: Budget and Earthworks are not particularly required. Formal pond - reservoir with strict geometry. It can be a circle or square, how your fantasy will play. If there are flower beds near the house, then boldly place it nearby.
Just do not overdo it with the size - the boundaries must be visible entirely.
If you decide to make a round pond, then his soft lines will be very profitable to look at the arbor. Such a reservoir will make the composition softer and tender. A regular manner is ideal for a small area. Cascade pond is also not inferior in its beauty and originality. Raised pond - very interesting element landscape design. Lifting over the ground, it becomes predominant. Care for such a reservoir is simple and pleasant. Such an option suits people no longer young.
To the note dacnis - The height should not exceed 30-40 centimeters. The raised pond has several advantages: digging the pit for its creation is not necessary; It is easy to clean it, you just need to pull the water, it is less dangerous for children. However, there are disadvantages: a big pond looks cumbersome; Water is very hot in the summer, and in the winter, on the contrary.
If natural reservoirs creates a matushka nature, then artificial people have to do. To begin with, you need to dig a pit, the form of which will depend on which pond you want to create; Walls of the reservoir create a step or stronger; When creating it is better to avoid straight lines; Also dackets use ready-made forms. Such cups have plenty of benefits: availability, quick installation, long service life, easy reconstruction option, simple operation. There are also several minuses in the use of such materials:
Even in a small area, it is possible to equip a completely decent artificial reservoir, donating with only a few beds. It will be cheap. In order to create a pond in the country, you will need only geotextiles, PVC film or polyethylene and several days of free time.
Choosing a place for artificial reservoir
When choosing a place for a pond, it has great importance light. As it takes enough for aquatic plants sunlight, He should not be too shaded. But too much water overheating is also undesirable, as it can lead to flowering surface.The most suitable area for placing an artificial reservoir is a fence in the corner of the garden, which is illuminated in the morning, but is in a half-day half a day. It should not be placed a pond near large trees: the growing roots can damage the coating of the pit. And during the leaf fall, it is necessary to clean the water from the leaves almost daily.
Artificial reservoir is better located in half
Preparation of catlovana
The size of an artificial reservoir can be any - it all depends only on the desire of the owner and free space on the site. But it should be noted that too much pond will require more care.1. With the help of ropted stakes and ropes at the selected place, markup is made in the form of a pond.
2. On the perimeter of the markup is removed.
3. A small pit can be pulled out with a regular shovel. So that the pocket walls do not appear, its walls should have slightly. There is no need to make an artificial reservoir too deep. Minimal depth Bowls - 60 cm (plus 30-40 cm on the frustration of rubble and sand drainage).
4. In the event that the pond is planned to start fish, its depth must be lower. soil freezing level In this climatic area. Otherwise, water at the bottom will freeze, and the fish will die. In the central part of Russia, the soil freezes at a depth of about 1.4-1.5 m.
5. For landing aquatic plants, if the edges of the pit will be speedless. The size of each of these steps is 10-15 cm.
Step pit for a pond
6. From the bottom of the pit, all major stones and branches are cleaned, which can damage not too durable film.
7. At the bottom of the pits fall asleep drainage: rubble, and then sand each layer of 20 cm and tamper.
8. To protect against the blurring of the soil, the layer is stacked on top of the sand geotextile. It can be replaced by any durable cloth: old carpets, blankets, old oilcloth or rubberoid. The laying of such a protective layer is made with the allen on the edges of the pit for about 50 cm.
Laying Ruberoid
9. Further on the bottom of the reservoir can be laid polyethylene film (its shelf life is about 3 years) pVC film (it will last longer, about 15 years) or durable butyl rubber rubber. In order to during filling the water, the film is not damaged, it is necessary to lay it without tension.
The film is placed on the bottom of the film
10. Drop excess geotextiles and films should not immediately. They will take the right form only after filling the pond with water. Around the perimeter of the pit is better to break through shallow trenchIn which it will be possible to put the edges of the fabric and films and lightly fall asleep the earth.
11. After filling the artificial water reservoir, the stones are stacked by water, which will not only hold the material, ripping the bottom of the pond, but also serve as decoration. The edges of such an artificial reservoir can decorate and decorative tiles, slate, sandstone or other suitable stones or bricks.
Stones are stacked along the edges of the reservoir
12. A plot adjacent to the water can be spoiled by a crushed stone or marble crumb.
Decoration of the edge of the reservoir
13. In the center or from the edge of the pond you can install a small artificial fountain.
14. At the edges of the reservoir, you can install several small lamps on solar panels.
Council. If there is too little space on the site, a small artificial reservoir can be made from an old wheel or bath, burned to the ground and trimmed along the edge of the stones (see photo).
Small artificial reservoir made of old bath
Water from the old wheel
Purdy cleaning
To clean the large water branch, you can use the simplest filtering system: a small pump station with a sandy filter. Two pipes are held in the pond: one serves to take water, from the second purified water will come to the pool again. Additional cleaning can provide a small stream filled with sand, which will pass filtered water before re-entering the pool. It can flock into a pond on a small waterfall.
Pond filter
A small reservoir is enough to clean only once per season manually. To do this, it should be completely pumping out water with a submersible pump and remove the accumulated dirt from the bottom. To clean his pond, you can use a special vacuum cleaner equipped with a filter with which you can collect dirt from the bottom.
Pond cleaning vacuum cleaner
Council. If a vessel filled with charcoal is put on the bottom of the pond, water will not bloom in it for a long time.
Favoring leaves can be collected from the surface of the pond with a cuckoo. In the fall during a strong leaffold, the reservoir can be covered with a special grid. In order to avoid dirt entering the winter, the pond is covered with any observer material.
Council. So that the film in the frost cracks, the water is better not to merge. To compensate for the pressure forming when ice expanding, you can throw several wooden boards or polyethylene bottles filled with water.
Landing of aquatic plants
Water plants serve not only original decoration Pond. Bolotnik, rogol, Elday and other plants capable of saturated with water from oxygen, will help protect the water surface from the greening.Naturally, only those plants that can develop well in this climatic area should be planted. For the decoration of the pond, you can use traditional plants: reed, e-country, reed. Large plants (lilies, pita) will be able to cover the water surface from a bright scorching sun and reduce water heating. Flowering plants preferring to settle near water bodies include a graonist, a bitch, placan grass, a Porpore, Badan, Medunication, Water Iris, etc.
Council. For plant landing, you can use special containers that are packed along the bottom of the pit. In this case, it will be much easier to care for plants.
Landing of aquatic plants
Video: Pond in the country do it yourself
Decorative pond at the cottage is a unique element of landscape design, an object for a pleasant contemplation. In addition, the pond will moisten the air and improve the illumination of the garden, thanks to the reflective surface of the water stroit. If you think about the arrangement of a personal artificial pond, immediately need to competently approach the selection of style, lighting and decorative elements.
Choosing a place for a reservoir
The choice of a place to create a reservoir depends on many factors: the soil, landscape, relief, illumination, presence of vegetation should be taken into account.
| Relief and soil | When choosing a place for the future pond, it is better to stay on the plot for a long time remaining wet after the rain. Obviously, somewhere in the formations of the soil at this place there is clay or loam. If the choice of places is limited, it is always better to choose low sections. |
| Light | The right choice of illumination will give the opportunity to avoid a strong expanding of algae and pond blossom. The perfect option - at noon, the shading reaches no less than 40% of its area, and the general illumination reaches 6 hours. |
| Neighborhood with plants | The pond should be broken down in an open place, away from high vegetation, which will pollute its surface with leaves, seeds, core. |
| Landscape | The reservoir must harmoniously fit into the landscape of the site. Often it is equipped in front of the house or near the gazebo. |
There is some specificity if the pond is planned to be equipped with alive fish: for example, with Koi carpamas. In this case, it will be important to ensure for them optimum temperature Water, which depends on the breed of fish.
Earth and waterproofing work
You chose a place for a pond and determined which form it will be. Now it's time for the coppes of the pit. First, turning points and contours are placed by pegs. Then the terraces, a depth of 30 cm and width - 20 cm can be generated. You can form several terrace levels to place plants on them.
Now the main bowl is digging. The level of tilting shores should be approximately 45 ° C. The walls of the bowl must narrow the book to prevent the soil sanding and reduce the weight of the water. The minimum depth of the reservoir should not exceed 60-80 cm: the fine reservoir will be completely freezing in winter, and in the summer heavily warm up, which will make it impossible to breed the flora and fauna.
If it is planned for waterproofing with a film, it is removed for its fixing around the perimeter. A depth of about 15 cm. After the readiness of the pit, it is leveled, all the stones, roots that can damage the film are cleaned. The surface is poured with clean washed sand by 5 cm, the monolithic plate of concrete M150 is poured on top. After frozen, it is completely closed by geotextile web. All these events will allow to protect the waterproofing film from damage and will prolong its service life.
The next step will be waterproofing - laying butyl rubber rubber or PVC maple. The size of the canvase is calculated from the total length of the pond and twice the depth. To make the canvas to fix around the edge, about half a meter of stock. The sheet is folded freely, fixing the edge of bricks around the edge. To eliminate the negative impact of groundwater, a reliable drainage system is created, which also enters the waterproofing system.
All of the above waterproofing works are carried out before concreting, if such a form of waterproofing device is selected. When creating small ponds, concrete works are first carried out, and then the surface of the concrete is processed into several layers with a mixture of hydroxcins.
Concrete base device with your own hands
Concrete works begin to carry out waterproofing from the casting of the support plate from concrete M150, which is designed to protect the bowl of the reservoir from the grounds of the soil. From above of this slab, waterproofing is stacked after it drying.
After the foundation under the bowl was dug, the drainage system was equipped, a sand-gravel pillow thickness 20 - 30 cm thick, a concrete preparation of a thickness of 10 cm is filled with reinforcement of the pool walls. This will require fittings and 12 mm. The rods are binding to knitting wire in the form of a mesh with 20 x 20 cm cells.
Installation of mortgages - an important stage Work. Before starting formworking, put mortgages: bottom drains, nozzles, headlights, skimmers. Electrician is also laid.
Installation of the formwork is carried out by moisture-resistant plywood thickness of 15 mm and wooden supporting bars. High-quality formwork will help save material and other leveling means.
Concretion is made by heavy concrete grades with plasticizers. Walls are vibrated to not formed emptiness. More convenient to pour the bowl of 2 receptions - first the bottom, then the walls. So that the water does not penetrate through the cold seam of a leaky joint, in the joint, the self-seeping bentonite cord is stolen when exposed to water 6 times.
The alignment of the pool bowl is made by plastering layer. With the help of plaster, you can achieve the perfect smoothness of the pool bowl. The plastered surface of the bowl does not have cracks, voids, depressions and other irregularities.
Devices for creating water effects and illumination
If initially the pond was planned with the use of water effects: fountains, cascades, jets, then it is necessary to let it in advance underground, waterproof electrocabel. Lighting and pump can be connected to one source.
What elements of the Energy can be introduced into the design of the pond in the country:
- The fountain of the closed cycle, where the pump from the reservoir drives water into the fountain bowl, from where the water flows back to the tank. Subsequently, water flows into the tank.
- Cascade or waterfall is better located on the shore, where it will be harmonized with the Alpine slide.
- As a backlight, it is possible to use lamps located in water over water and even built into the body of the fountain. By contour, garden lamps can be installed, rechargeable from the Sun and giving light in the dark.
Water plants in design
There is a huge set of aquatic plants. In order for the design of the pond looks attractive and functioning normally, it is necessary that the following types of water plants are present in it:
- Oxygerators - plants separating oxygen. They carry out biological water purification and are feed for fish (for example, for koi carps). These include Turcha Bolotnaya, a rogue, to unsubshot, water asterisk.
- Floating plants serve to decorate a pond mirror. They can be placed in containers on underwater terraces. The most popular are rods, waterfronts, azolla, Eukhorenia Tolstocherry.
- For shallow ponds are used in combination with deep-water plants floating. They are also planted in containers. The most simple in the care is the water lily, a cube, averton.
- Naberezhnye plants are needed to decorate the contours of the pond and to protect water from overheating. Usually for these purposes use low embankments of plants: fern, thuja, barbaris, juniper, etc., look good and other plants planted in a pot.
Decoration of shores and reservoirs
Methods for the design of the coastline of the reservoir are a lot:
- the use of large stones of different shapes. As the main types of stone for design, marble, granite, sandstone, quartzite, etc.;
- construction of flooring and bridges from logs;
- shore design with plates or tiles;
- a special decorative film covered immediately with a layer of gravel and imitating rocky relief.
Choosing a way to design a reservoir, it is necessary to repel from its size and shape. The size of the stone should be proportional to the pond itself. Large stones will be harmoniously combined with a large reservoir, and small - with small. IN perfect version There must be similar and shape of the stones.
Large boulders are so stacked around the perimeter so that the part of the stone hung over the water. No need to make a continuous coastline of stones. In the edging of the water branch should alternate plants and stones in an arbitrary order. After placing all the stones, they need to be fixed in cement, blocking into a third of their heights into the solution.
Ponds are strict geometric forms better finish with similar materials: tiles, logs, boards.
Stylistic design
The design of the pond may be different - the main thing is that it is combined with the landscape of the site. A variety of stylistic solutions allows you to create amazing compositions that demonstrate the beauty of the water element.
Chinese
Pond is a mandatory satellite of Chinese gardens. Traditionally, the Chinese pond should drive from large boulders, and the shores should smoothly descend into water. Through the pond, a small wooden bridge was often rented, and next to him put a gazebo for contemplation and tea party. Koi's carps and lotuses are a typical element for a Chinese pond. Chinese style pond is drawn up bright and magnificent vegetation.
French
French pond is a sample of elegance and refinement and at the same time the rigor of the forms. It attracts clear boundaries and neat shape. As a rule, the coast in the French style rises above the ground level. For this style, the characters of fountains, cascades, steps and sculptures.
Italian
A characteristic feature of the Italian pond is its symmetry. The reservoir of the correct geometric shape usually with a decorative fountain or cascade type is at the head of the garden. Since Italian landscapes are regular, composite, terraced, several levels may also be present in the pond. The shores are framed by many decorative plants in pots of terracotta, or in personnel and in beautiful containers. Often Italian ponds are decorated with street lamps.
Japanese
The Japanese pond should most like natural as much as possible. You will never find in the nature of rectangular ponds, so there are no them in Japanese style. In a Japanese pond, there may be a waterfall, but not a fountain. In general, the art of creating a Japanese pond is similar to the creation of Bonsai - all presents, but in miniature. The pond should be similar to the ocean, pebbles on the shore - on the rock, towering over the ocean. On the shore you can put a sculpture with the image of the Buddha, a dragon, an animal or bird so that it reflects in water stroit.
English
Pond B. english style It is much easier to equip, as it does not require clarity of borders. The lines of the English pond must be smooth. The English type is usually created by a landscape type - trees and shrubs grow in abundance. Watching English ponds naturally.
After the device on cottage plot Pond and landscape design, for the reservoir will have to be careported. What is included in the concept of care:
- Spring filters and pump are usually included in mid-April. Immediately need to carry out the bottom cleaning and cleaning the surface of the garbage. At the same time, annual plants are planted.
- Since June, tropical plants are planted.
- The bottom cleaning should be regular and produced using a bottom vacuum cleaner.
- In the summer, a skimmer must be removed from the surface of the water stroit.
- In the summer, filamentous algae is necessarily removed. If oxyerators do not have time to clean the water from green algae, special chemistry can be applied - algicides.
- Squints and irises need to feed fertilizers.
- All summer it is necessary to control water quality with special tests.
- In the fall, tropical plants are removed from the pond, placed in water tanks and put on the wintering room in a bright indiscriminate room.
- In the fall during the period of the leaf fall, the surface of the pond will be more convenient to cover with a small mesh so that the yellow leaves do not fall on the bottom, and it is removed to the winter.
- In winter, water from the pond merges. It is necessary to lower the water from all pipes and hoses. Disassemble and clean filters and pumps.
Conclusion
The reservoir on the household dacha is prestigious, fashionable and just beautiful. If you contain a large deep pond with fish, it is quite troublesome, then to build a small pond with your own hands on the tools and die even the owner of a small site.
