The tragic story of Atlantis was told by the famous ancient Greek philosopher Plato more than two thousand years ago. Here is what Plato wrote about Atlantis in the dialogue “Timaeus”:

“Then it’s the [Atlantic] sea. – A.P.] was navigable, because in front of its mouth, which you in your own way call the Pillars of Hercules [Strait of Gibraltar. – A.P.], there was an island. This island was larger than Libya [northwest Africa. – A.P.] and Asia [Asia Minor.– A.P.], taken together, and from it the swimmers had access to other islands, and from those islands - to the entire opposite continent [to America? – A.P.], which was limited to that true pont [sea. – A.P.]. After all, from the inside of the mouth of which we are talking, the sea appears to be a bay, something like a narrow entrance, and what is on the outside can already be called a real sea, as well as the land surrounding it, in all fairness, true and perfect mainland."

Fig.4.1. Plato - bust from the Vatican Museum (Rome)

From the above text we can draw the following conclusion.

Plato clearly points out that the so-called “Atlantic Sea” is nothing more than the Atlantic Ocean in our understanding - it is not for nothing that he calls this sea “true pontoon”. At the same time, he clearly indicates that the internal, that is, the Mediterranean Sea is, as it were, a “bay” of the external Atlantic Ocean.

It also follows from the text that the “island of Atlantis” was located precisely in the Atlantic Ocean, somewhere west of the Strait of Gibraltar, “on the other side of the mouth”, “in front of the mouth”, and not in the Mediterranean Sea, that is, “on this side of the mouth " Therefore, Plato's Atlantis must be sought only in the Atlantic Ocean.

In the dialogue “Timaeus,” Plato ends his narrative with the following words: “After the time when terrible earthquakes and floods occurred, in one day and disastrous night all our military strength [the Athenians, against whom the Atlanteans went to war.– A.P.] fell into the ground at once, and the island of Atlantis disappeared, plunging into the sea. Therefore, the sea there now turns out to be unnavigable and unexplored: navigation is hampered by a lot of fossilized mud, which the settled island left behind.”

Fig.4.2. Reconstruction of the capital of Atlantis according to Plato’s description (R. Avotin): 1 – royal palace; 2 – temples of Clito and Poseidon; 3 – Poseidon’s grove; 4 – hippodrome; 5 – different temples; 6 – various monuments; 7 – bridges and covered canals.

Consequently, Atlantis perished, sinking to the bottom of the ocean; This subsidence was not very deep, since the fallen volcanic ash and pumice formed impassable shoals. It can be assumed that Atlantis, having already been submerged, continued to sink deeper and deeper...

Plato nowhere indicates the date of the death of Atlantis, only the date of the mythical war between the Atlanteans and the Atlanteans is given (Atlantologists claim that not much time passed between the end of the war and the death of Atlantis). However, there is some reason to believe that, based on information about the later state of culture on the remains of Atlantis, Plato believed that the same culture existed at the time to which he dates the mythical war, that is, 12 thousand years ago.

Plato's testimony is not the only one of its kind. In ancient times, Strato and Pliny, Aelian and Plutarch, Diodorus Siculus and Ammianus Marcellinus wrote about the vast land “beyond the Pillars of Hercules,” surrounded by an archipelago of small islands.

The discovery of America in the 15th century naturally suggested that the new continent was Plato’s Atlantis. In the 16th-17th centuries this opinion was the most widespread.

In the 18th century, new versions appeared; Atlantis was sought on the southwestern coast of Africa, on the Scandinavian Peninsula, in Palestine and even in the Caucasus.

At the end of the 18th century, Delisle de Sales reviewed everything written about Atlantis, devoting to it a special part of his gigantic work in 52 volumes, “History of all the peoples of the world or the history of people” (1779).

In the same 18th century, attempts were made to interpret Plato's message on the basis of accurate scientific data. The evidence in the dialogues that Atlantis lay “behind the Pillars of Hercules” gave reason to see its remains in the islands located to the west of Africa. For example, a number of scientists considered the tops of the mountains of sunken Atlantis to be the islands of Ascension and St. Helens.

At the beginning of the 19th century, most scientists were of the opinion that Atlantis was just a fairy tale, invented by Plato, who wanted to inspire the Athenians with a story about the exploits of their ancestors. There was, however, Alexander Humboldt, who believed that the myth of the destruction of Atlantis was based on some true historical fact, exaggerated by fantasy.

IN mid-19th century, one of the most fundamental works about Atlantis appeared, written by a Russian author, but in German - linguist and traveler Abraham Norov published the work “Atlantis in Greek and Arabic Sources”, in which a painstaking summary of all the evidence about Atlantis was made.

However, the interest of the general public in the topic of Atlantis appeared only after the publication of the popular book by American Congressman Ignatius Donnelly “Atlantis - the Antediluvian World” (1882). Thanks to good advertising in the press, this work began to be considered a classic, and Donnelly gained the reputation of almost the father of Atlantology.

After analyzing the material collected by scientists on the issue, the congressman hypothesized that Plato was describing a real-life island on which the very first and most ancient human civilization arose. Memories of her were preserved in the mythology of all peoples of the world, because the ancient, Hindu, Scandinavian and all other gods were just citizens of Atlantis. The most ancient colony of Atlantis was probably Egypt, whose civilization was a reflection of the civilization of the island of Atlantis. The Bronze Age came to Europe from Atlantis, and the Atlanteans were also the first to use iron. Atlantis was the initial place of settlement of the Aryan Indo-European family, as well as Semitic and some other peoples. Atlantis perished as a result of a terrible catastrophe - the island and almost its entire population were flooded by the waters of the ocean.

Donnelly's theory aroused great interest, and he had followers and imitators. Works were published in which the authors gave free rein to their imagination, describing various versions of the history of the mythical Atlanteans.

The legend of Atlantis came to Russian literature in the occult interpretation of theosophists and anthroposophists.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, opuses of such authors as Eliphas Levi, Louis Lucas, Anna Besant, Dr. Papus, Rudolf Steiner, William Scott-Elliot began to be translated into Russian - it was these occultists who actively retold Plato, supplementing his meager descriptions with flowery details.

Occultists did not consider it necessary to explain on the basis of what data they reproduced the customs and way of life of a lost people. According to them, every event leaves an “imprint” on the surrounding world, and with the help of clairvoyance, available to a select few (“initiates”), occultists of the highest ranks can see pictures of the past and understand their content.

The most complete occult legend about Atlantis was published in 1896 by Scott-Elliot in his book The History of Atlantis. Scott-Elliot insisted that the facts reported in his work were true, since they were obtained from the archives of the ancient occult “White Brotherhood.” However, one immediately notices that Scott-Elliot’s work has the character of a historical-utopian work, replete with a huge number of details, too suspicious for a retelling of such an ancient chronicle as the history of Atlantis.

The main concept underlying Scott-Elliot's work is the acceptance of the idea of ​​the existence on Atlantis, many millennia before our time, of a civilization that was superior to the modern one in its state at the end of the 19th century.

According to Scott-Elliot, the forgotten continent occupied most of the Atlantic Ocean a million years ago. The equatorial regions included Brazil and the entire ocean area to the Gold Coast of Africa. With its northern part, Atlantis extended several degrees east of Iceland, and with its southern part it reached the place where Rio de Janeiro is now located.

800 thousand years ago the first cataclysm occurred. Atlantis lost its polar regions, its middle part shrank and fragmented, America was separated by the resulting strait; Atlantis itself still stretched along the Atlantic Ocean from the northern latitudes to the equator. From the detached northeastern part of it, Great Britain was formed, which included, in addition to the British Isles, also Scandinavia, northern France and the nearest seas.

The second geological catastrophe befell Atlantis about 200 thousand years ago. With the exception of some changes on the continents of Atlantis and America and the flooding of Egypt, the processes of subsidence and uplift of the continents in this era were insignificant. The island of Scandinavia then joined the mainland. Atlantis itself was divided into two islands: the northern, larger one, called Ruta, and the southern, smaller one, called Daitya.

Scott-Elliot further reports that the greatest cataclysm occurred 80 thousand years ago. Atlantis continued to exist in the form of a relatively small island - Poseidonida, a remnant of Ruta. This is the Atlantis that Plato wrote about. And all that was left of Daitya was an insignificant piece of land.

Finally, in 9564 BC, the fourth catastrophe occurred. Atlantis sank to the bottom of the ocean, and the boundaries of land and sea took on their modern appearance.

Outlining further the history of the occult Atlantis, Scott-Elliot provides many details of the sequence of settlement of Atlantis by different peoples. The first were the Rmoagals - giants with dark red skin and a height of over three meters, who inhabited Atlantis 4-5 million years ago; they lived by fishing and hunting.

About three million years ago, the Rmoagals were replaced by the Tlavatli people, who came from an island lying to the west of Atlantis (on the site of part of America). They were a mountain people with red-brown skin.

The third people who settled Atlantis after the Tlavatli were the Toltecs, who spread across Atlantis 850 thousand years ago from its western coast. Occultists consider their Toltecs to be the forefathers of the Toltec tribe, who, in turn, were the predecessors of the Aztecs in Mexico, and attribute the peak of Mexican civilization to the time of their dominance on Atlantis.

Then the period of the decline of Atlantis begins, and the Toltecs are successively replaced by Semites, Akkadians, and Mongols. It should be noted that occult ideas about these peoples are very different from those accepted in science. An example is the Akkadians, who, according to data modern science, were a people of Semitic origin. The difference between the occult Akkadians and the Semites was due to the fact that at the time Scott-Elliot's book was written, science still knew very little about the existence of the Sumerians who preceded the Akkadians - the Semites in Babylonia.

According to Scott-Elliot, the capital of Atlantis from the time of the Toltecs became the City of One Hundred Gates, allegedly located in the territory with coordinates 15° N. and 40° W. etc. By the way, the bathymetry of this place in the Atlantic Ocean does not show anything even approximately similar to the description of the main kingdom of Atlantis according to Plato. There is no hint of the huge mountains surrounding it to the north, west and south. Only far to the west is the underwater North Atlantic Ridge.

According to Scott-Elliot, the City of One Hundred Gates had a population of two million people. It was surrounded by a park-like area, and around the city there were many villas of the ruling class (the society of the occult Atlantis had a strongly caste character and was based on slavery). The capital of Atlantis perished during the second cataclysm. It seems that the very name and descriptions of the City of a Hundred Gates were borrowed from the reconstruction ancient Babylon, also, according to legend, had a hundred gates, and in terms of population was not inferior to the fantastic capital of Atlantis...

It is clear that such an unfounded reconstruction has caused serious objections from scientists. Thus, in 1912, the Russian researcher Bogachev, speaking in his brochure “Atlantis” about occult legend, repeatedly emphasized that the maps with which Scott-Elliot supplied his work had nothing in common with the geological maps of the eras he described and that all this tradition abounds a huge number of errors and absurdities.

An integral part of the legend is the legend of the high Atlantean civilization. At the same time, occultists introduce into their narratives information about new and allegedly still unknown to science types of energy discovered by the Atlanteans and used by them for technical purposes. A careful examination of all these "new" energies reveals that they are a bizarre hybrid of fashionable fantasies about "life force" and outdated ideas about "intraatomic energy."

In this regard, the founder of anthroposophy, Rudolf Steiner, especially tried, who, following the spirit of the times and accordingly modernizing the already outdated paleo-fiction of theosophists, put forward the assertion that the physics of the Atlanteans, they say, was different from modern! Apparently, this means that in those days the laws of nature were different than today!

Public interest was fueled by numerous (and often false) reports of finds made by archaeologists allegedly confirming the existence of an ancient island and its civilization. The loudest scandal was caused by an article by Paul Schliemann, the grandson of the famous German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann, who discovered the ruins of Troy. The article was published in one of the October issues of the American newspaper New York American for 1912 under the intriguing title “How I Found the Lost Atlantis.”

According to Schliemann Jr., his famous grandfather left a sealed envelope so that it would be opened by one of the family members who would make a solemn promise to devote his entire life to research, indications of which he would find in this envelope. Paul Schliemann made such an oath, opened the envelope and read the letter inside. In a letter, Heinrich Schliemann reported that he undertook a study of the remains of Atlantis, the existence of which he has no doubt and which he considers the cradle of our entire civilization. In the summer of 1873, Heinrich Schliemann, while excavating Troy, allegedly found a large bronze vessel, inside of which there were smaller clay vessels, small figures made of a special metal, money from the same metal and objects “made from fossil bones.” On some of these objects and on the bronze vessel it was written in “Phoenician hieroglyphs”: “From the king of Atlantis, Chronos.” Then, in 1883, Heinrich Schliemann drew attention to the collection of objects found in the Louvre in Paris. Central America. Among them were clay vessels, exactly the same shape as those discovered in 1873 in Troy, and objects “made of fossil bone” and “made of a special metal”, also “line to line” coinciding with the Trojan ones. The “special metal” turned out to be an alloy of platinum, aluminum and copper, certainly unknown in ancient times. Finally, Heinrich Schliemann found some more “papyri” confirming the reality of the legend of Atlantis and allegedly kept in the collections of the St. Petersburg Hermitage. As a result, Heinrich Schliemann instructed one of his descendants who would read this letter to continue the research begun, and in particular, to break one of the vessels of his collection and pay special attention to what was contained inside.

Theosophists responded to this story first of all - they treated it with complete confidence and reprinted Paul Schliemann's article several times; it was also published in the Russian “Bulletin of Theosophy” (1913).

However, scientists were skeptical about Schliemann Jr.'s story. First of all, this story was not consistent with the character of the archaeological adventurer Heinrich Schliemann, who was extremely vain and unable to hide his discoveries from the world for long. It is especially difficult to expect such secrecy in relation to the finds of 1873, when Schliemann completed the first stage of his excavations and when he needed to prove the significance of his work to the scientific world by any means. Further, the presence of metal money in a vessel from ancient times, an object unfamiliar to early antiquity, seems incongruous. But most incredible of all is the amazing Phoenician inscription. The fact is that the Phoenicians appeared on the stage of world history quite late, a thousand years before the birth of Christ, that is, at least three to four thousand years after the cessation of all influence of Atlantis on the development of civilization. How did it happen that the gift of the “King of Atlantis Chronos” has an inscription on it in a language that came into use forty centuries later? This is as strange as if there was an inscription on the Cheops pyramid informing about the date of its construction in Russian!

A later investigation of this story, undertaken by the famous Soviet atlantologist Nikolai Feodosievich Zhirov, showed that the article “How I Found the Lost Atlantis” is a hoax from beginning to end. All data given in the article turned out to be fictitious. Furthermore, the famous archaeologist Schliemann did not have a grandson! Obviously, the article, accepted by theosophists on faith, was written by some cunning American journalist with a keen sense of the situation. There is no need to be surprised here. Most fans of occult teachings generally tend to trust various hoaxes and create profound theories based on them, which ultimately discredits any topic to which they pay their “enlightened” attention.

Atlantis: Russian branch of legend

The famous poet and literary critic Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov made a very significant contribution to the development of Russian (and then Soviet) atlantology.

Fig.4.3. Poet Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov (portrait by S.V. Malyutin, 1913)

Bryusov outlined his vision of this topic in a lengthy work, “Teachers of Teachers,” the first sketches of which date back to 1914. However, with some reservations, we can assume that the poet was engaged in Atlantis all his life. His wife recalled: “To my greatest regret, I cannot accurately determine the dates when Bryusov began to show interest in this lost Atlantis. I am still ready to assert that from the first days of my acquaintance with Valery Yakovlevich, with his characteristic fascination, he told me a lot about Atlantis, about the continent that sank to the bottom of the ocean...”

This fascination with the disappeared continent could not but affect the poet’s work. Back in August 1895, in Bryusov’s notebook, the first draft of an appeal to the muse of epic poetry (“Muse in a crumpled wreath, goddess forgotten by the world ...”) appears, which would later begin the poem “Atlantis,” dedicated to Balmont. Two years later, when meeting with Balmont, according to eyewitnesses, both poets indulged in endless discussions about Atlantis. After his friend’s departure, Valery Yakovlevich ordered a whole set of scientific and historical books concerning Atlantis from France, Germany and England.

However, neither the poem “Atlantis” nor the later tragedy in five acts “The Death of Atlantis” (1910) were completed, but “Teachers of Teachers”, published in Maxim Gorky’s journal “Chronicle” in 1917, has reached us.

Bryusov was a historian by training. After graduating from Moscow University, he began his career in the editorial office of the historical magazine “Russian Archive”. As a professional, he could not help but be fascinated by the hypothesis that made it possible to explain the similarities in the cultures of many peoples isolated from each other (for example, the Egyptians and the Mayans) through evidence of the existence in hoary antiquity of a powerful empire that subjugated the world.

Bryusov defended the idea of ​​the complete authenticity of Plato's Dialogues.

“If we assume,” he wrote, “that Plato’s description is fiction, it will be necessary to recognize Plato as a superhuman genius, who was able to predict the development of science for thousands of years to come, to foresee that someday historians would discover the world of Aegean and establish its relations with Egypt , that Columbus will discover America, and archaeologists will restore the civilization of the ancient Mayans, etc. Needless to say, with all our respect for the genius of the great Greek philosopher, such insight in him seems impossible to us and that we consider another explanation simpler and more plausible: Plato had at his disposal (Egyptian) materials going back to ancient times.”

Fig.4.4. Flooding of Atlantis (theosophical tradition)

Bryusov came to the conclusion that Plato could only obtain most of the information contained in the “Dialogues” from people who knew about the existence of Atlantis: “The ancient philosopher writes that Atlantis was located beyond the Strait of Gibraltar and from it it was possible to sail further to the west, to get to another continent. But the ancient Greeks knew nothing about America!”

However, being a scientist, Bryusov quite rightly criticized the fabrications of theosophists on the topics of ancient civilizations, showing (using the example of a “sensational” article by the non-existent Paul Schliemann) how far occult archaeologists had gone from the process of genuine scientific research.

Bryusov’s activities in studying and disseminating tradition were not limited to the work of “Teacher of Teachers.” He decided to use ready material for public lectures. The first of these lectures took place on January 24, 1917 in Baku. She aroused extraordinary interest from the audience. A reviewer for the Baku newspaper Ioanosian wrote: “Bryusov’s lecture on ancient cultures was stunningly interesting. The crowded theater froze in sweet charm, inspired by the artist-lecturer, who, with a wave of his magic wand, summoned the Spirit of the Earth. I didn't know who to look at, the lecturer who had my full attention, or the captivated auditorium.<...>Listening to Bryusov, I realized how great the role of a popularizer of scientific truths is.”

Fig.4.5. Rescue of the chosen Atlanteans by airship (theosophical tradition)

The publication of “Teachers...” in Gorky’s Chronicle caused no less resonance. After the publication of the issue with the first chapters, publisher Tikhonov, in a letter dated July 26, 1917, informed the author: ““Teachers of Teachers” arouses general interest and enjoys great success - we are very happy to publish them, although the article is somewhat large for a magazine, and we are very grateful to you they are grateful."

Bryusov’s contribution to Atlantology is also important because he, as it were, built a bridge between the theosophical tradition, which has the features of a largely artistic fiction, and the scientific study of the issue. The publication in Gorky’s magazine made this layer of culture in demand under the Soviet regime - there are no examples in history of people being sent to a camp or exile for being interested in Atlantology. On the contrary, the plot of the search for Atlantis turned out to be in demand both by Soviet science and Soviet literature.

Bryusov's developments had an undoubted and significant influence on the formation of the views of domestic atlantologists, therefore it is important to record how he saw Atlantis and its civilization.

Summing up his findings, Bryusov wrote:

“In the most distant era of antiquity, which we cannot yet determine in numbers, the center of cultural life on earth was the continent lying in the Atlantic Ocean and inhabited by the red Atlantean race. Over the course of thousands of years, their power grew and their culture developed, reaching a height that, perhaps, none of the earthly peoples have reached since. On Atlantis there were magnificent cities with a population of many millions, science, art, and all forms of technology flourished, the life of citizens was varied and sophisticated. At the end of this period of magnificent development, the Atlanteans, possessing a strong fleet, entered into relations with other peoples of neighboring lands, partly conquered them by military force, partly imposed on them the powerful influence of their highly developed culture. The peoples of Central America (the ancestors of the future Mayans) were completely dependent on Atlantis, spiritual and, it seems, political; in South-West Africa, in Guinea, the Atlanteans had a large colony, from where they received elephants and various products of the country; the ancestral Aryans were also influenced by the Atlanteans<...>, which, due to the glaciation of Europe during the Ice Age, crowded onto the western coast of the Iberian Peninsula; the influence of the Atlanteans extended further to the West, reaching Egypt, the plains of Mesopotamia, the Caucasus Mountains and even deeper into the center of Asia; it is possible that the Atlanteans were in relations with the peoples who lived along the shores Pacific Ocean who developed a unique Pacific (Chinese) culture. Thus, the peoples of the whole earth, as the center and source of knowledge and power, turned to Atlantis. From there, the light of science, revelations of religion, and the beginnings of art spread across the earth. And, imprinting the covenants of their teachers, different peoples, at different ends of the earth, perceiving the religion of the future life (“cult of death”), worship of the one heavenly god (“thunder god” and “sun god”), respect for the same symbols (a cross with curved ends, a spiral, a triangle), as an external expression of these covenants, individual peoples erected stone symbols in their countries - pyramids.

In the 6th or 5th millennium BC some kind of gigantic cataclysm occurs on earth, due to which the mainland (or island) of Atlantis dies and disappears into the depths of the ocean. Whether this was really preceded by a campaign by the united Atlantean forces to conquer the East of Europe and Africa, we do not know. In any case, Atlantis disappears from the stage of history, and the peoples who were enslaved by it, spiritual and material, receive freedom. But the seeds of Atlantean culture are laid too deeply in the souls of the peoples who in one way or another came into contact with Atlantis. The reduction of ice cover in Europe allows the tribes to begin their settlement. And to their new places of residence these peoples carry the covenants of Atlantis, the principles inspired by it. Science, art, craftsmanship - all this is developing in different countries, under various new influences, but based on the impetus once given by Atlantis. This is how the cultures of “early antiquity” flourish: May - in Central America, Egyptian - in the Nile Valley, Aegean - on the coasts of the Aegean Sea and on the Greek mainland, Asia Minor tribes - in Asia Minor, the same influences affect more distant cultures: Babylonian - in Mesopotamia, Japhetid, in the Caucasus Mountains and on the shores of Lake Van, Indian - on the Deccan Peninsula, perhaps, and the Pacific. Remembering the behests of their teachers, the Egyptians imprinted their teachings in the great pyramids of Gizeh, worshiped the Sun Ammon-Ra, and sacredly honored the afterlife (“cult of death”). The Aegeans, under the same influence, build their domed tombs, analogues of the pyramids, honor the thunder god, and believe in life beyond the grave. Perhaps, remembering the capital in the country of their teachers, the marvelous City of the Golden Gate, the Cretan Minos are trying to create something similar in their new homeland, and are building their own intricate labyrinths. The Etruscans in central Italy also created small semblances of labyrinths, where they also erected real pyramids. The same pyramids are erected by the Mayans in Mexico and Yucatan. Hundreds of analogies connect with each other all other peoples who received an impetus for development from Atlantis. That is why the same symbols, the same religious rituals, related artistic styles are scattered throughout the earth...”

Look for Atlantis on Mars!

Occult legend was not limited to descriptions of the rise and fall of a slave-owning empire spread across islands in the Atlantic Ocean.

Scott-Elliot reported that at the end of the golden age of Atlantis (under the Toltecs), jet aviation received special development, replacing sea navigation. Proponents of the concept high level The development of the Atlantean civilization interprets numerous evidence of fire-breathing dragons and snakes flying with noise and roar, known among the Greeks, Germans, Slavs, Chinese, Indians and other peoples, as distant memories of the jet ships of Atlantis and punitive expeditions of the Atlanteans using air raid tactics.

Having such advanced technology, the Atlanteans, of course, would have tried to avoid death. And indeed, in the works of Theosophists one can find references to how, during the sinking of Atlantis, part of the upper class (priest-kings) escaped on jet ships, flying to America and Africa, and the other part to space rockets flew to other planets - to Venus and Mars. Since the jet ships were at the disposal of a very limited circle of people and, in general, the number of ships was insignificant, only a small number of Atlanteans were saved on them, and they all lost their former power. The material part of the ships was worn out, fuel reserves dried up, and the remains of the already useless ships were destroyed by peoples who remembered the punitive expeditions of the Atlanteans.

An illustration of this paleo-fantastic concept can be the legend of the ancient Egyptian god Thoth. Occultists assumed that Thoth arrived in Egypt from the dying Atlantis, where he occupied one of the highest places in the caste of priests. Dying, he allegedly wished to convey higher knowledge to humanity, which was still in a state of savagery, and outlined it in the so-called “Emerald Tables” - a text of unknown origin, which was allegedly quoted by medieval alchemists.

“Tables” was translated from French into Russian by Nikolai Aleksandrovich Morozov, a Narodnaya Volya member, popularizer of science and author of fantastic stories, famous for his many years of imprisonment in the Shlisselburg fortress. He already noted that the text is not typical for the era of medieval alchemists and is more consistent with the views of esoteric cosmists of the 19th century. It seems that the “Emerald Tables” are an actual fake, like many other “documents” that followers of Blavatsky and Scott-Elliot love to refer to...

If the legend about the earthly colonies of the Atlanteans is found already in the writings of the founders of Theosophy, then the intriguing idea that some of the Atlanteans could move to Mars appeared later. It was first outlined by the Englishman Frederick Spencer Oliver (pseudonym Philo the Tibetan) in the novel “The Resident of Two Worlds,” published in 1894. The idea was later developed in the books of the writer-medium Vera Ivanovna Kryzhanovskaya, who wrote in French under the pseudonym V. Rochester. Thus, the novel “On the Neighboring Planet” (1903) presents a theocratic utopia built on Mars on the model of the monarchical Atlantis, and the novel “Death of the Planet” (1910) describes the departure of “great initiates” from Tibet into outer space on ships using “ vibrational forces of the ether."

The idea of ​​Atlanteans living on Mars would hardly have had a chance to gain a foothold in later, Soviet culture, if it had not been the basis for a number of chapters of the science fiction novel of the “red count” Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy “Aelita (Sunset of Mars)” (1922) .

Fig.4.6. Alexey Tolstoy

Tolstoy himself was interested in the occult, and in addition, he was familiar with the poet Valery Bryusov - in 1917 they met at the Provisional Government’s commissariat for press registration, sorted through “some archives” and probably discussed the publication of Bryusov’s “Teachers...” in “ Chronicles" by Maxim Gorky. Maximilian Voloshin, who was fond of esotericism and was a member of the Anthroposophical Society, could also tell Tolstoy about the theosophical tradition.

The story of the Atlanteans (“magacitles”), who fled from Earth to Mars, is told in the novel by Aelita, the daughter of the Martian autocrat:

“There was universal peace on earth. The forces of the earth, brought to life by Knowledge, served people abundantly and luxuriously. Gardens and fields yielded huge harvests, herds multiplied, and work was easy. The people remembered old customs and holidays, and no one stopped them from living, loving, giving birth, and having fun. In legends this age is called golden.<...>

The split between the two paths of Knowledge was great. The fight began. At that time, an amazing discovery was made - the ability to instantly release the life force dormant in plant seeds was found. This force, explosive, fiery-cold matter, freeing itself, rushed into space. The blacks used it for fighting, for weapons of war. They built huge flying ships that were terrifying. Wild tribes began to worship these winged dragons.

The whites realized that the death of the world was close, and began to prepare for it. They selected among the ordinary people the purest, strongest and meekest of hearts and began to lead them to the north and east. They gave them high, mountain pastures, where the settlers could live in a primitive and contemplative manner.

White's fears were confirmed. The Golden Age was degenerating, satiety was setting in in the cities of Atlantis. Nothing restrained a more saturated fantasy, a thirst for perversion, the madness of a devastated mind. The power that the man had mastered turned against him. The inevitability of death made people gloomy, ferocious, and merciless.

And now the last days have come. They began with a great disaster: the central area of ​​​​the city of the Hundred Golden Gates was shaken by an earthquake, a lot of land sank to the bottom of the ocean, sea ​​waves separated the country of the Feathered Serpent forever.

The Blacks accused the Whites of using the power of spells to unchain the spirits of earth and fire. The people were indignant. The blacks staged a night beating in the city - more than half of the residents wearing the linen tiara died, the rest fled outside of Atlantis, many went to India.

Power in the city of the Hundred Golden Gates was seized by the richest citizens of the black order, called Magatsitl, which means “merciless.” They said: “We will destroy humanity, because it is a bad dream of reason.” In order to fully enjoy the spectacle of death, they announced holidays and games throughout the land, opened state treasuries and shops, brought white girls from the north and gave them to the people, opened the doors of temples for everyone thirsty for unnatural pleasures, filled fountains with wine and roasted them in the squares. meat. Madness has taken hold of the people.

It was during the autumn grape harvest days.

At night, in the squares illuminated by fires, among the people, frenzied by wine, dancing, food, and women, Magatsitli appeared. They wore high helmets, armored belts, and no shields. Right hand they threw bronze balls that burst into cold, destructive flames; with their left hands they plunged the sword into the drunken and insane.

The orgy was interrupted by a terrible earthquake. The statue of Tubal collapsed, the walls cracked, the columns of the aqueduct fell, flames burst out of deep cracks, and the sky was covered in ash.

In the morning, the bloody, dim disk of the sun illuminated the ruins, burning gardens, crowds of crazy people, exhausted by excesses, and heaps of corpses. The Magacitals rushed to the egg-shaped flying machines and began to leave the earth. They flew into starry space, to the homeland of abstract reason. Several hundred devices flew away. A fourth, even stronger, shock of the earth was heard. An ocean wave rose from the north from the ashen darkness and spread across the earth, destroying all living things.

A storm began, lightning fell into the ground and into homes. A downpour poured down, and fragments of volcanic stones flew.

Behind the stronghold of the walls of the great city, from the top of the stepped, overlaid with gold, the pyramids of Magazitla continued to fly through the ocean of falling water, from smoke and ash into starry space. Three consecutive shocks split the land of Atlantis. The city of the Golden Gate plunged into boiling waves..."

Fig.4.7. Poster for the film "Aelita"

This account presents a rationalistic version of the Theosophical tradition. Tolstoy tried to reconstruct the world of Atlantis as one that really existed, although it had made significant progress towards understanding the laws and forces of nature. His fiction is closer to science than to the occult. And at the same time, it was important for the writer to use the romantic and poetic potential inherent in esoteric legends about ancient civilizations, which he did with success.

Fig.4.8. Engineer Los and Red Army soldier Gusev arrived on Mars (illustration by S.A. Pozharsky for the novel “Aelita”, 1963 edition)

The final refusal of Soviet literary atlantology from esoteric and occult elements occurred in the story of the famous Soviet science fiction writer Alexander Romanovich Belyaev “The Last Man from Atlantis” (1925). The impetus for the adventure plot on which the novel was based was a note in Le Figaro: “A society has been organized in Paris for the study and financial exploitation of Atlantis.” Belyaev describes a similar commercial enterprise, sending a well-equipped expedition to search the depths of the Atlantic for artifacts that survived the destruction of Atlantis. The story is a reconstruction of the life and death of Atlantis, made by one of the participants in a hypothetical expedition. In fact, this reconstruction is directly taken from Roger Devigne's popular book Atlantis, the Vanished Continent. The plot, in turn, serves as a frame for the main idea, also taken from Devigne (Belyaev cites it in the exposition of the novel): “It is necessary<...>to find the sacred land in which the common ancestors of the most ancient nations of Europe, Africa and America sleep."

Fig.4.9. Alexander Romanovich Belyaev

Of course, Belyaev subjected Devigne’s text to serious literary editing, and developed some minor details into full-fledged images. For example, Devin mentions that in the language of the ancient aborigines of America (alleged descendants of the Atlanteans), the Moon was called Sel; under the pen of Belyaev, Sel turns into the beautiful daughter of the ruler of Atlantis.

The Soviet science fiction writer abandoned the occult legend. For Belyaev, what is important is verisimilitude, expressed through the correspondence of the described realities to the described era. He recreates the appearance of a disappeared culture from some grains of possible historical truth and logical guesses. Therefore, in his novel there are no reactive aircraft, nor other things that, by definition, could not have arisen in that era.

Atlantologist Nikolai Zhirov wrote: “It seems to me that Belyaev introduced a lot of his own into the novel, especially the use of mountain ranges as sculptures. By this, he seemed to anticipate the discovery of my Peruvian friend, Dr. Daniel Ruso, who discovered in Peru giant sculptures reminiscent of Belyaev’s (of course, on a smaller scale).”

In addition, Belyaev found the social spring of the plot, introducing Atlantology into the ideological field of Marxism and linking the era of the Atlanteans to the well-known theory of the change of social formations. In Devigne, convicts are chained to the oars of the armada leaving the dying Atlantis, and in Belyaev - slaves. Atlantis in his story is the heart of a colossal slave-owning empire. Through the history of Atlantis, the writer shows how such empires collapsed. The geological cataclysm only sets in motion a tangle of contradictions, at the center of which is a slave revolt.

Fig.4.10. The Destruction of Atlantis (illustration for the novel “The Last Man from Atlantis”)

The death of Atlantis is described with great drama, but, according to Belyaev, this is not the end of Atlantean culture. On the contrary, developing Donelly-Bryusov’s idea, the writer talks about continuity: the great civilizations of the Mediterranean and South America learned a lot from the wisdom of the most educated Atlanteans. He leads the reader to the harsh shores of the Old World - a dilapidated ship with a surviving master washed up there. The strange stranger told the blond northerners “wonderful stories about the Golden Age, when people lived<...>without knowing worries and needs<...>about Golden Gardens with golden apples." People preserved the transmitted knowledge, and the stray Atlantean “won their deep respect with his knowledge<...>he taught them to cultivate the land<...>he taught them how to make fire.” It turns out that the biblical myth about the divine origin of the mind can be explained very rationally. The fire of knowledge circled around the world, now dying down, now flaring up, slowly raising man above nature...

Thus, Belyaev, instead of the paleo-fantastic concept of Atlantis, proposed a scientific-archaeological one, defining the features of Soviet Atlantology for decades to come.

Stalinist atlantology

It is known that the Nazis seriously believed that high Aryan culture had its origins in Atlantis. The Third Reich even prepared an expedition to South America, in ancient city Tiahunaco, in which German occultists expected to find evidence of an ethnic connection between the Atlanteans and Aryans.

Soviet atlantology during the Stalin era did not deal with such things, being carried away by pure theorizing. Of course, it could not exist as a separate scientific discipline, and therefore remained the subject of hobby of certain scientists: archaeologists, geologists and oceanologists. At the same time, the legend of Atlantis was considered as true evidence of the existence in the deep past of a large island on which lived a certain primitive civilization mired in slavery.

The first Soviet scientist to clearly declare the reality of the former existence of Atlantis was geologist Mushketov. In his book Regional Geotectonics (1935), he summarized: “Thus, the entire Atlantic Ocean is an element of a very recent subsidence, collapse. This idea has been known since very ancient times and is expressed in the famous myth about the lost Atlantis.”

Another famous Soviet geologist Mazarovich wrote in his monograph “Fundamentals of Regional Geology of the Continents” (1952): “The ancient Greek legend about the lost state of Atlantis, located somewhere to the west of the Strait of Gibraltar, is also noteworthy. Most likely, this was the final subsidence of what was once, perhaps, a vast landmass created by the Upper Cretaceous folding.”

A similar view was also shared by the famous Soviet marine geologist Professor Klenova: “A continental block of considerable size, submerged below the ocean level, is located in the area of ​​the Canary Islands, Azores and Cape Verde Islands. In it they see that Atlantis, the catastrophic sinking of which is known from ancient Greek sources” (“Geology of the Sea”, 1942).

The most famous Soviet geologist and geographer, academician Vladimir Afanasyevich Obruchev, was a staunch supporter of the idea of ​​​​the reality of Atlantis. In 1947, discussing the possibility of geological catastrophes, he wrote: “The legend is plausible because the islands of the eastern part of the Atlantic Ocean are all volcanic, and some geological and zoological data speak in favor of the former existence of a large land mass between Europe and America.”

A few years later, in 1954, Academician Obruchev again returned to the topic of Atlantis in his article “The Mystery of the Siberian Arctic”: “The submergence of a significant area of ​​land under the ocean level, which occurred 10-12 thousand years ago (i.e. in 8-10 millennium BC), can no longer surprise geologists and geographers, arouse their distrust or sharp denial. Therefore, the legend of Atlantis, the death of a large state inhabited by a cultured warlike people, is not at all something extraordinary, impossible, or unacceptable from a geological point of view. The sinking of Atlantis may not be as sudden and rapid as the Greek philosopher Plato outlined in ancient Greek legend, but lasting several weeks or even months or years is quite possible from the point of view of neotectonics, and its consequences in the form of a reduction and attenuation of glaciation in the northern hemisphere completely acceptable, natural, inevitable. The modern glaciation of the southern hemisphere does not contradict the assumption that the glaciation of the northern hemisphere was interrupted and stopped due to the fact that the warm waters of the Gulf Stream gained access to the Arctic Ocean due to the sinking of Atlantis.”

Atlantology became part of Soviet geology, abandoning the esoteric motives contained in the ancient legend. Did this happen thanks to the works of Bryusov, Tolstoy and Belyaev? talented writers introduced it into the field of scientific discussion, but at the same time the legend itself remained fiction. Somehow, the very first (it was expressed by Aristotle) ​​and, apparently, the most reliable hypothesis remained outside the scope of the discussion: Plato invented Atlantis to illustrate some of his thoughts about government structure, and this was quite obvious to his contemporaries.

The Legend of Hyperborea

Atlantis is far from the only mythical continent whose legends fuel all sorts of paleo-fantastic and occult theories. One can recall Lemuria and Mu, Thule and Hyperborea. For Russian esotericists, Hyperborea has always had a special meaning - it is often called “Northern Atlantis” or even “Russian Atlantis”.

The very word “Hyperboreans” means “those who live beyond Boreas (North Wind)”, or simply “those who live in the North”. Many ancient authors reported on the Hyperboreans. When you read about Hyperborea in the works of one of the most famous scientists of the Ancient world - Pliny the Elder, you might think that we're talking about about a real-life country near the Arctic Circle:

“Beyond these [Rypaean Mountains? A.P.], on the other side of Aquilon, a happy people (if you can believe it), which are called Hyperboreans, reach very advanced years and are glorified by wonderful legends. They believe that the loops of the world and the extreme limits of the revolution of the stars are there. The Sun shines there for six months, and this is only one day when the sun does not hide (as the ignorant would think) from the spring equinox to the autumn; the luminaries there rise only once a year at the summer solstice; but they only come in during winter. This country is entirely sunny, has a favorable climate and is devoid of any harmful wind. The homes for these residents are groves and forests; the cult of the gods is carried out by individuals and the whole society; Discord and all sorts of diseases are unknown there. Death comes there only from satiety with life. After eating food and the light pleasures of old age, they throw themselves from some rock into the sea. This is the happiest type of burial. Some place the Hyperboreans not in Europe, but in the front part of the Asian coast, since there is a people of Attakora, similar to them in their customs and location. Others place them between two suns - between the sunset at the Antipodes and the sunrise at us; but this in no way can be, since they are separated by a huge sea. Those who place them in no other place than where the sun shines for six months say that they sow in the morning, reap at noon, and harvest the trees at sunset. At night, they say, they hide in caves. There is no doubt about the existence of this people.”

Modern researchers, however, doubt this, pointing out that the legend of Hyperborea and the Hyperboreans was formed from the myth of Apollo, and therefore, we can only talk about some imaginary country, “where everything is organized better and more correctly than ours.”

The fact that ancient Hyperborea was, rather, a fiction and a kind of utopia, is also indicated by the presence of a huge number of absolutely fantastic details. Timagenes said that in Hyperborea it rains copper drops, which are collected and used as coins. Hecataeus reports that the Moon in Hyperborea is at a very short distance from the Earth and some protrusions of the Earth are even noticeable on it. The satirist Lucian adds several stunning touches to the already established picture:

“I considered it completely impossible to believe them, and yet, as soon as I first saw a flying foreigner, a barbarian - he called himself a Hyperborean - I believed and was defeated, although I resisted for a long time.

And what, in fact, could I do when before my eyes during the day a man rushed through the air with me, walked on water and slowly walked through fire? - Did you see this? - I asked, - did you see a Hyperborean flying and standing on the water? “Of course,” answered Cleodemus, “the Hyperborean even had ordinary leather shoes.” It’s not worth talking about the little things that he showed - how he conjured up love desires, called upon spirits, summoned long-buried dead, made even Hecate visible and brought down the Moon from the sky.”

The flights of the Hyperboreans are quite often found in materials that are associated with the legend of the land of Apollo. This allowed modern paleo-science fiction writers to conclude that the people of Hyperborea at least possessed aviation technology. For some reason, these figures do not leave the ancient Greeks (and especially the satirist Lucian!) the right to fiction and forget that Hellenic mythology is literally teeming with flying creatures that do without any technology.

Numerous attempts by scientists to localize Hyperborea on a geographical map led to the fact that it became clear: the country of Apollo did not have any specific location at all. It was imagined in a wide variety of places from the then known countries. And the Greek writers themselves were by no means alien to the idea of ​​the complete geographical uncertainty of the idea of ​​​​the Hyperboreans. Thus, Strabo says that Greek geographers “called all those who lived above the Euxine Pontus, Istra and the Adriatic Sea Hyperboreans, Sauromatians and Arimaspians.” Hyperborea was also called Macedonia, the Italian Alps, and the territory “between the Pyrenees and the Alps” (present-day France or its north), and so on and so forth.

Soviet professor Alexander Losev put an end to the mythical history of Hyperborea. In his fundamental work “Ancient Mythology in Its Development” (1957), he showed that the very etymological interpretation of the Greek word “Hyperboreans” as “living beyond Boreas” (that is, “living in the north”) is most likely erroneous. He draws attention to the fact that in the calendar of Crete there was a seventh month of “hyper-beret”, and in the calendar of Macedonia and Pergamum there was a last month of “hyper-beret”. These are the summer or late autumn months associated with the harvest and the cult of Apollo. From the point of view of the Macedonian language, “hyper-beretei” is completely identical with “hyperferei”. And this last word is close to “perphere” - a servant of Apollo. Consequently, the “Hyperboreans” are nothing more than the “servants” of Apollo, his priesthood.

At the same time, geographical uncertainty and incredible details from the life of the “northern people” leave a wide field for unbridled imagination. Therefore, one should not be surprised when paleo-fiction writers begin to build their own (and rather cumbersome) structures based on the meager information that we inherited from ancient authors with their mythologized consciousness.

The revival of the legend of Hyperborea occurred in the 19th century. The French astronomer Bailly (he was the mayor of Paris, and then he was executed by guillotine during the Revolution) believed that before ice age Spitsbergen was inhabited by powerful Atlanteans, driven from their land by the onset of cold weather.

Blavatsky called Hyperborea the prehistoric country “which extended its capes south and west from the North Pole to receive the Second Race, and which contained all that is now known as North Asia.”

The late classic of esoteric thought Rene Guenon in his famous book “The King of the World” writes the following about Hyperborea: “We are always talking about one region, which, like the earthly paradise, has become inaccessible ordinary people and which is located in a place inaccessible to the cataclysms that shake the human world at the end of certain cyclic periods. This is a real “country at the end of the world”; however, some Vedic and Avestan texts say that its position was simply polar, even in the literal sense of the word, and, no matter how its location was determined during the different phases of the history of earthly humanity, it always remained polar in the symbolic sense, since in essence it is a fixed axis around which all things rotate.”

Prehistoric Civilizations de Alveidra

The Marquis Saint-Yves de Alveidre shared the belief in the northern continent, in whose territories a highly developed civilization of antiquity lived. He went down in history as the author of mystical treatises, the title of which certainly included the word “mission”: “Mission of Europe”, “Mission of India”, “Mission of the Workers” and so on.

De Alveidre had extensive contacts with representatives of European and Eastern esoteric societies, from where he derived many aspects of his doctrine. The essence of this doctrine is this.

The original rule on Earth was carried out by the Black Race. It had its center in the southern regions, and the northern lands inhabited by the White race were occupied by the Black masters, who enslaved all Whites. The era of the Black Race was put to an end by the Aryan Ram, who appeared in the lands of the North around 8-6 thousand years BC.

It is with the arrival of Ram that the secret history of humanity that actually interests Saint-Yves de Alveidre begins. The Divine Ram founded the gigantic theocratic Empire of Aries (“Ram” in the ancient sacred language meant “Aries”), which included all the previous sacred centers.

Ram arranged the system of government of the Empire on a tripartite model, in accordance with the sacred and fundamental idea of ​​the Trinity. The Great Sacred College, the highest authority of the Empire, which had its analogues and similarities in various imperial possessions, was also divided into three parts. The highest level of the college is Prophetic, purely Metaphysical and Transcendental. This is the level of direct Divinity, the King of the World, whose prototype was the white avatar Ram himself. The second level is Priestly, Solar, Masculine. This is the sphere of Being, Light. This level serves as a recipient of the invisible influences of the Prophetic plane and their adaptations to the lower planes of the Manifested world. It refers to the Second Person of the Trinity, the Son. And finally, the third level of the College - the Royal - is the sphere of the Moon, since the earthly Kings serve as recipients of the priestly Light and organizers of social order. It corresponds to the Third Trinity Hypostasis – the Holy Spirit.

De Alveidre called this structure synarchy, that is, “joint rule,” which emphasizes the synthetic unification of three functions - Prophetic, Priestly and Royal - in matters of imperial structure. It was the Synarchy that was for de Alveidre a sacred, spiritual, traditional, religious and political ideal, which must be realized, despite all external circumstances, since the synarchy is imprinted in its in its purest form the absolute Will of Providence, independent of historical specifics.

Several centuries after Ram's resignation, a political catastrophe occurred in India, which served as a destructive impulse for the entire structure of the Empire. This was the rebellion of Prince Irshu. The prince not only pursued the goal of seizing power, but also carried out a religious revolution - the “first revolution”, which became the prototype of all subsequent historical revolutions. The symbols of the uprising were the Red Flower, the Bull, the Red Dove and the Moon Sickle. In India, Irshu and his supporters were defeated, but a wave of revolution swept across the continents, destroying the ancient civilization.

All human history after the Irshu uprising is considered by de Alveidre as a confrontation between two religious and political paradigms: synarchy and anarchy. Anarchist tendencies appear not only and not so much as independent religions or state ideologies, but as elements of socio-religious structures that, depending on the circumstances, are capable of either coming to the surface and declaring Anarchy, or covertly undermining the foundations of Synarchic rule through the cults of Mother Earth.

Thus, Christian civilization, which in certain aspects restored the Empire of Rama not only spiritually, but also geographically (it is significant that de Alveidre assigned a huge role in this to Russian Orthodoxy and the Slavs in general - he himself was married to a Russian aristocrat) was subjected to internal and external influence " neo-Irchuists,” which finally manifested itself in the French Revolution, in the Red Banner, in materialism and socialism, in the de-Christianization of the West. Rama de Alveidre considered Catholic Austria-Hungary and Orthodox Russia to be the last fragments of the Empire...

Some of Saint-Yves de Alveidre's ideas were used to create the ideology of the Third Reich. In addition, the seeds of his speculative theory sprouted first in Tsarist and then in Soviet Russia.

Russian occultists showed some interest in the work of the Marquis and, as far as can be judged, maintained contact with him through his Russian wife Countess Keller and her son Count Alexander Keller. Thanks to their efforts, a Russian translation of the Mission of India was published in 1915.

During the years of emigration, the leaders of the Russian left social democracy also had the opportunity to become acquainted with the doctrine of synarchy. Russian conspiracy theorist Alexander Dugin, who studied the work of de Alveidre, even makes an interesting assumption about the Bolsheviks borrowing from Saint-Yves the term “Soviets” (le Conseil), which is part of the name of the three highest institutions of power in the Empire of Rama. Already in our time, another of its key terms - “Social State” (1"Eiat Social) - unexpectedly appeared in the new Constitution Russian Federation(Article 7), although in this case, of course, one can hardly talk about any conscious borrowing...

Ancient Science Alexandra Barchenko

After the October Revolution, the main promoter of the ideas of Saint-Yves de Alveidre in Russia was a scientist with occult inclinations, Alexander Barchenko.

Fig.4.11. Essay by Alexander Barchenko “Transmission of thoughts over a distance”

Alexander Vasilyevich Barchenko was born in 1881 in the city of Yelets (Oryol province) in the family of a district court notary. The subject of his hobbies from early youth was the occult, astrology, and palmistry. In those distant times, the border between the occult and the natural sciences was still quite blurred, so to deepen his knowledge, Alexander decided to go into medicine, giving preference to the study of paranormal human abilities - the phenomena of telepathy and hypnosis.

In 1904, Barchenko entered the medical faculty of Kazan University, and in 1905 he transferred to Yuryev University.

A special role in Barchenko’s future fate was played by his acquaintance with the professor of Roman law Krivtsov, who taught at the department of Yuryev University. Professor Krivtsov told his new friend about his meetings in Paris with the famous mystic Saint-Yves de Alveidre.

Fig.4.12. Marquis Saint-Yves de Alveidre

Barchenko himself would later tell the NKVD investigator about this in the following words:

“Krivtsov’s story was the first impetus that directed my thinking towards the path of quest that later filled my entire life. Assuming the possibility of preserving in one form or another the remains of this prehistoric science, I studied ancient history, culture, mystical teachings and gradually went into mysticism. My passion for mysticism reached the point that in 1909-1911, after reading manuals, I practiced palmistry - reading hands.”

Under the influence of Krivtsov’s revelations and “blessed” by him, Barchenko begins to study the paranormal abilities of man. But before that he had a chance to travel around the world a lot. As a “tourist, worker and sailor,” Barchenko traveled, in his own words, “most of Russia and some places abroad.” One such country was India, which at the time captured the imagination of many young Europeans.

Since 1911, Alexander begins to publish the results of his research, from time to time (and then this was common among scientists) interspersing purely theoretical articles with works of art on a similar topic. His stories appear on the pages of such respected magazines as “World of Adventures”, “Life for Everyone”, “Russian Pilgrim”, “Nature and People”, “Historical Magazine”. It is interesting that it was fiction that was Barchenko’s main means of livelihood in those years.

Fig.4.13. Alexander Barchenko (1922)

Barchenko's range of interests was unusually wide and covered all aspects of natural science as a set of natural sciences. There is, however, one topic to which the young naturalist paid special attention - the various types of “radiant energy” that influence human life.

Barchenko outlined his understanding of the “energy problem” in the essay “The Soul of Nature,” published in 1911. It began with a story about the role of the sun - the source of life on Earth, and possibly also on other planets, for example, on Mars. Next, Barchenko informed his readers about the presence of vegetation on the Red Planet, about the falling and melting of snow there and, of course, about the mysterious Martian canals. All this allowed him to suggest that on Mars there live “creatures that are not only not inferior in intelligence to people, but are probably far superior to them.”

He spoke equally confidently about the existence of ether - “the subtlest medium that fills the universe.” At the same time, the processes taking place in the depths of the Sun - “this dazzling Soul of nature - monstrous explosions and whirlwinds are immediately reflected in the electromagnetic state of the earth. The arrows of magnetic instruments are rushing around like crazy, the northern lights are flashing<...>It gets to the point where telegraphs refuse to work and trams refuse to move.<...>Who knows,” Barchenko further exclaims, “whether science will someday establish a connection between such fluctuations (solar activity voltage) and major events in social life?” In fact, the young enthusiast foresaw the imminent advent of heliobiology.

Barchenko’s article also considered other types of “radiant energy”: light, sound, heat, electricity. A considerable place in the article was devoted to the story of the “N-rays” discovered by the Frenchman Blondlot as a special type of psychophysical energy emitted by the human brain. Research by French scientists Charpentier and Andre showed that almost any human brain activity is accompanied by abundant radiation. The mysterious “brain rays” interested science primarily because they were believed to be directly related to the problem of transmitting thought over a distance. Well familiar with the work on this topic, Barchenko conducted his own experiments, somewhat improving the “method of research.”

The experimental technique was as follows: two baldly shaved volunteers put aluminum helmets of an original design, developed by Barchenko himself, on their heads. The helmets of the participants in the experiment were connected with copper wire. Two oval matte screens were placed in front of the subjects, on which they were asked to concentrate. One of the participants was the “transmitter”, the other was the “receiver”. Words or images were offered as a test. According to Barchenko, in the case of images, the positive guessing result was close to 100 percent, and in the case of words, many errors were recorded. The error rate increased if words with sibilant or unvoiced letters were used.

Having reported the results, Barchenko, however, made it clear to the reader that it would be incorrect to consider N-rays as “the exclusive engine of thought” - “it is impossible to look at “N” as thoughts themselves, but one also cannot deny their close connection with the latter.” .

At the end of the article, reflecting on the importance of discoveries in the field of “radiant energy,” Barchenko unexpectedly returns to the idea that inspired him that the ancient world may have known many secrets of nature that were not yet known to modern man.

“There is a legend,” he writes, “that humanity already experienced a degree of culture no lower than ours hundreds of thousands of years ago. The remnants of this culture are passed down from generation to generation by secret societies. Alchemy is the chemistry of an extinct culture.”

Later, other essays by Alexander Barchenko appeared, entitled even more eloquently: “The Mysteries of Life”, “Transmission of Thought at a Distance”, “Experiments with Brain Rays”, “Hypnosis of Animals” and so on. At the same time, Barchenko publishes two mystical novels connected by a common plot outline: “Doctor Black” and “From the Darkness.” Both of these works were replete with autobiographical reminiscences and essentially reflected the theosophical-Buddhist worldview.

The research of the young naturalist was interrupted by the First World War. However, after being wounded and demobilized in 1915, he continued to work. Now Barchenko collected materials, studied primary sources, from which he later compiled a complete course “History of Ancient Natural Science,” which served as the basis for his numerous lectures at private courses for teachers at the Physics Institute of Salt Town in St. Petersburg.

The revolutionary storm tore Barchenko out of his usual circle of worries and turned his whole life upside down. The first shock of the October events experienced by Alexander Vasilyevich, however, soon passed, and he began to view the revolution in a more positive light - as “some opportunity for the implementation of Christian ideals” as opposed to “the ideals of class struggle and the dictatorship of the proletariat.” Barchenko defined this position as “Christian pacifism,” which embodies the ideas of “non-interference in political struggle and resolving social issues through individual moral remaking of oneself.”

At the end of 1917 and the beginning of 1918, Barchenko often visited various esoteric circles, which continued to meet regularly in Petrograd, despite the chaos of the revolutionary times. Later he named three such circles: the famous theosophist and Martinist Danzas, Doctor Bobrovsky and the Sphinx society. Their visitors, gathered behind tightly closed doors, heatedly discussed both religious and philosophical issues and current political topics. In general, a sharply anti-Bolshevik atmosphere reigned in the circles. Once in the Sphinx, Barchenko had to enter into polemics with critics of the revolution, but his “Christian-pacifist speech” did not meet with understanding among those present.

In search of income, Barchenko was forced to give lectures on Baltic Fleet ships. It turned out that the conspiracy theory of the French esotericist allows him to earn his daily bread.

“The Golden Age, that is, the Great World Federation of Nations, built on the basis of pure ideological communism, once dominated the entire Earth,” Barchenko taught the sailors. – And its dominance lasted about 144,000 years. About 9,000 years ago, counting according to our era, in Asia, within the borders of modern Afghanistan, Tibet and India, there was an attempt to restore this federation to its previous extent. This is the era that is known in legends as the campaign of Rama...”

The lectures were popular, and soon the security officers paid attention to Alexander Vasilyevich. In secret operational reports compiled by employees of the Cheka, the name Barchenko appears already in 1918-1919:

“Barchenko A.V. is a professor, is engaged in research in the field of ancient science, maintains contact with members of the Masonic lodge, with specialists in the development of science in Tibet, when asked provocative questions in order to find out Barchenko’s opinion about the Soviet state, Barchenko behaved loyally.”

Moreover, in October 1918, Barchenko was summoned to the Petrograd Cheka. This happened during one of the peaks of the Red Terror and therefore such a challenge did not promise, to put it mildly, anything good. In the office where Barchenko was invited, several security officers were present: Alexander Riks, Eduard Otto, Fedor Leismer-Schwartz and Konstantin Vladimirov. Barchenko was already familiar with the latter. Lev Krasavin, a professor at St. Petersburg University, introduced him to Alexander Vasilyevich, describing him as a neophyte who passionately yearned to join the mysteries of the ancient East.

Four security officers informed Alexander Barchenko that a denunciation had been received against him. In this “paper,” the informant reported on Barchenko’s “anti-Soviet conversations.” To the surprise of Alexander Vasilyevich, the security officers, instead of taking him into account, declared their distrust of the denunciation. Moreover, they asked Barchenko’s permission to attend his lectures on mysticism and ancient sciences. Of course, he easily agreed and after that he repeatedly saw Cheka employees at his performances...

In 1919, Alexander Vasilievich completed higher education, having graduated from the Higher One-Year Courses in the Natural Geography Department at the 2nd Pedagogical Institute. He once took an exam in geology and the basics of crystallography at the Military Medical Academy and received an “excellent” grade.

Expedition of Alexander Barchenko

In 1920, Barchenko was invited to give a scientific report “The Spirit of Ancient Teachings in the Field of View of Modern Natural Science” at a conference of the Petrograd Institute for the Study of the Brain and Mental Activity (Brain Institute). There, fate brought him together with another wonderful and talented person, academician Vladimir Mikhailovich Bekhterev.

Academician Bekhterev and Alexander Barchenko could not help but come together. Since 1918, the Brain Institute, under the leadership of the academician, has been searching for a scientific explanation of the phenomena of telepathy, telekinetics, and hypnosis. Bekhterev himself conducted a series of works on the study of telepathy in experiments on humans and animals. Along with clinical research, methods of electrophysiology, neurochemistry, biophysics, and physical chemistry were tested at the Brain Institute.

At the Brain Institute, Alexander Vasilievich worked on the creation of a new universal doctrine of rhythm, equally applicable to cosmology, cosmogony, geology, mineralogy, crystallography - and to the phenomena of social life. He would later call his discovery “a synthetic method based on ancient science.” This teaching will be presented in a condensed form in his book “Dunkhor”.

On January 30, 1920, at a meeting of the Scientific Conference of the Institute, on the proposal of Academician Bekhterev, Alexander Barchenko was elected a member of the Scientific Conference “on Murman” and was sent to Lapland to study the mysterious disease “measuring”, most often manifested in the Lovozero region.

Lovozero is located in the very center of the Kola Peninsula and stretches from north to south. All around is tundra, swampy taiga, and in some places hills. In winter, the dark and icy polar night reigns here. In summer the sun does not set. Life glimmers only in small villages and camps where Lapps live. They make a living by fishing and herding deer.

It is here, in this frozen desert region, that an unusual disease called measles (or arctic hysteria) is widespread. It affects not only natives, but also newcomers. This specific condition is similar to mass psychosis, usually manifesting itself during the celebration of shamanic rituals, but sometimes it can arise completely spontaneously. Struck by measuring, people begin to repeat each other’s movements and unconditionally carry out any commands.

At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries in the far north of Russia and Siberia, the state of measuring was quite widespread. large groups population. In connection with this, the term “psychic infection” was even introduced.

In 1870, the centurion of the Lower Kolyma Cossack detachment wrote to a local doctor: “Up to 70 people are suffering from some strange disease in the Lower Kolyma part. This misery of theirs happens more towards night, some with the melody of different languages, incomprehensible; This is how I see the 5 Chertkov brothers and their sister every day from 9 pm to midnight and beyond; if one starts singing, then everyone sings in different Yukaghir, Lamut and Yakut languages, so that one does not know the other; their households have great supervision over them.”

And here is how one of the researchers of this phenomenon, Mitskevich, describes a typical seizure in a Yakut woman: “Consciousness becomes confused, frightening hallucinations appear: the patient sees the devil, scary person or something similar; begins to scream, sing, beat his head rhythmically against the wall or shake it from side to side, tear out his hair.”

Measurement can last from one or two hours to a whole day or night and be repeated for several days. The Yakuts usually explain seizures by damage or the possession of an evil spirit (“menerika”) in the body and therefore say in such cases: “the demon is tormenting.” According to Mickiewicz, there are various stories circulating among the population about “meneryaks”, for example, that they can pierce themselves with knives and this leaves no traces, they can swim without being able to swim normally, sing in an unknown language, predict the future, and so on. The one possessed by the “spirit” is in many ways similar to a shaman and has the power and abilities of a shaman, which, undoubtedly, has similarities between measuring and shamanism. The only difference between them is that the “manerik” possesses the patient against his will, while the shaman summons the “spirit” of his own free will and can command him.

Russian scientists, including Vladimir Bekhterev, paid attention to measurement at the end of the 19th century. The publications about the “strange disease” that appeared from time to time may have been known to Barchenko. In any case, he accepted Bekhterev’s tempting offer without hesitation.

Barchenko stayed in the North for about two years. Worked at a biological station in Murman - studied seaweed for the purpose of their use as feed for large and small livestock. Conducted work on the extraction of agar-agar from red algae. He gave lectures in which he ardently promoted the consumption of seaweed. In addition, he held the position of head of the Murmansk Maritime Institute of Local History - he studied the past of the region, the life and beliefs of the Lapps. This became part of the preparation for the expedition deep into the Kola Peninsula.

The expedition, equipped with the participation of the Murmansk Gubekoso (Provincial Economic Conference), began in August 1922. Together with the scientist, his three companions took part in it: his wife Natalya, secretary Yulia Strutinskaya and student Lydia Shishelova-Markova, as well as reporter Semenov and astronomer Alexander Kondiain (Kondiaini), who also represented the World Studies society, who specially arrived from Petrograd.

Fig.4.14. Alexander Condiain (1920)

The main task of the expedition was to survey the area adjacent to the Lovozero churchyard, inhabited by Lapps or Sami. Here was the center of Russian Lapland, almost unstudied by scientists.

It should be noted here that the Russian North has long attracted Barchenko’s attention. In the novel “From the Darkness” (1914), he retold the ancient legend about the Chud tribe, which went underground when the Chukhons took possession of its territory. Since then, the underground chud “lives invisibly,” and in the face of trouble or misfortune it comes to the ground and appears in caves (“pechory”) on the border of the Olonets province and Finland.

Fig.4.15. Vladimir Mikhailovich Bekhterev, director of the Brain Institute

Barchenko heard about the Chud again on the way to Lovozero from the young Lapp shaman Anna Vasilyevna: “Long ago, the Lapps fought the Chud. They won and drove away. Chud went underground, and their two leaders rode off on horses. The horses jumped over Seydozero and hit the rocks, and remained there on the rocks forever. The Lapps call them “Old Men.”

Already at the very beginning of the expedition, during the transition to Lovozero, its participants came across a rather strange monument in the taiga - a massive rectangular granite stone. Everyone was amazed by the correct shape of the stone, and the compass also showed that it was oriented to the cardinal points. Subsequently, Barchenko found out that although the Lapps profess to all Orthodox faith, they secretly worship the Sun God and make bloodless sacrifices to stone blocks-menhirs, or “seids” in Lapp.

Having crossed Lovozero on a sailboat, the expedition moved further in the direction of nearby Seydozero, which was considered sacred. A straight clearing cut through the taiga thicket, overgrown with moss and small bushes, led to it. At the top of the clearing, from where there was a view of both Lovozero and Seydozero, there was another rectangular stone.

Alexander Condiain wrote in his diary:

“From this place you can see on one side of Lovozero an island - Rogovoi Island, on which only Lapp sorcerers could set foot. There were deer antlers there. If the sorcerer moves his horns, a storm will arise on the lake. On the other side the opposite steep rocky shore of Seydozero is visible, but on these rocks a huge figure, the size of St. Isaac's Cathedral, is quite clearly visible. Its outlines are dark, as if carved in stone. Figure in padmaasana pose. In a photograph taken from this shore, it could be easily distinguished.”

Fig.4.16. “Black Man” (Kuyva) over Lovozero, discovered by Barchenko’s expedition

The figure on the rock, which reminded Kondiaina of a Hindu yogi, is the “Old Men” from the Lapp legend.

The expedition members spent the night on the shore of Seydozero in one of the Lapp tents. The next morning they decided to swim up to the cliff to get a better look at the mysterious figure, but the Lapps flatly refused to give them a boat.

In total, the travelers spent about a week at Seydozer. During this time, they made friends with the Lapps, and they showed them one of the “underground passages.” However, it was not possible to penetrate the dungeon, since the entrance to it was blocked with earth.

Pages from Alexander Kondiain’s “Astronomical Diary” have survived to this day with a story about one day of the expedition, which deserves to be quoted in its entirety:

“10/IX. "Old men". Against a white, seemingly cleared background, reminiscent of a cleared place on a rock, in Motovskaya Bay stands out a gigantic figure, reminiscent of a human being with its dark contours. Motovskaya lip is amazingly, enormously beautiful. You have to imagine narrow corridor 2-3 versts wide, bounded on the right and left by giant steep cliffs, up to 1 verst high. The isthmus between these mountains, which ends the lip, is covered with a wonderful forest, spruce - luxurious, slender, high up to 5-6 fathoms, dense, like taiga spruce. There are mountains all around. Autumn decorated the slopes interspersed with larches with spots of gray-green color, bright bushes of birch, aspen, and alder; In the distance, gorges stretch like a fabulous amphitheater, among which Seydozero is located. In one of the gorges we saw a mysterious thing: next to the hermitages, lying here and there in spots on the slopes of the gorge, a yellowish-white column like a giant candle was visible, and next to it was a cubic stone. On the other side of the mountain from the north you can see a gigantic cave, 200 fathoms, and nearby what looks like a walled up crypt.

The sun illuminated a bright picture of northern autumn. On the shore there were 2 vezhas in which Lapps live, moving out from the churchyard to fish. There are approx. them in total, both on Lovozero and Seydozero. 15 people. As always, we were warmly received and treated to dry and boiled fish. After the meal an interesting conversation ensued. By all indications, we have found ourselves in the most vibrant environment of gray life. Lapps are quite children of nature. They wonderfully combine the Christian faith and the beliefs of antiquity. The legends we heard among them live a vibrant life. They fear and respect the “old man”.

People are afraid to even talk about deer antlers. Women are not even allowed to go onto the island - they don’t like horns. In general, they are afraid to give away their secrets and speak with great reluctance about their shrines, making the excuse of ignorance. An old witch lives here, the wife of a sorcerer who died 15 years ago, whose brother, still an old man, sings and practices shamanism on Lake Umb. They talk about the deceased old man Danilov with respect and fear that he could cure diseases, send damage, and make the weather go away, but he himself once took a deposit from the “Swedes” (or rather, the Chuds) for deer, cheated the buyers, that is, he turned out to be apparently a more powerful sorcerer, sending madness upon them.

The current Lapps are of a slightly different type. One of them has a bit of Aztec features, the other is Mongolian. Women have prominent cheekbones, a slightly flattened nose and wide-set eyes. Children differ little from the Russian type. The local Lapps live much poorer than the Undins. They are offended a lot, both Russians and Izhemtsians. Almost all of them are illiterate. Gentleness of character, honesty, hospitality, a purely childish soul - this is what distinguishes the Lapps.

In the evening, after a short rest, I went to Seydozero.

Unfortunately, we arrived there after sunset. The giant gorges were closed with a blue haze. The outline of the “Old Man” stands out against the white background of the mountain. A luxurious path leads to the lake through the taibol. There is a wide road everywhere, it even seems like it is paved. At the end of the road there is a small hill. Everything suggests that in ancient times this grove was reserved and the elevation at the end of the road served as an altar-altar in front of the “Old Man”.

The weather was changing, the wind was getting stronger, and clouds were gathering. We should have expected a storm. At about 11 o'clock I returned to the shore. The noise of the wind and the rapids of the river merged into the general noise among the approaching dark night. The moon was rising over the lake. The mountains were dressed in an enchanting wild night. Approaching the vezha, I scared our hostess. She mistook me for “The Old Man” and let out a terrible scream and stopped dead in her tracks. He calmed her down forcibly. After dinner, we went to bed as usual. A magnificent northern light illuminated the mountains, rivaling the moon.”

On the way back, Barchenko and his companions tried again to make an excursion to the “forbidden” Horn Island. The boy, the son of a local priest, agreed to transport members of the expedition on his sailboat. But as soon as they approached the island, a strong wind arose, drove the sailboat away and broke the mast. In the end, the travelers washed up on a tiny, completely bare island, where they spent the night, shivering from the cold. And in the morning we somehow managed to row to Lovozersk.

Fig.4.17. Seyd on the isthmus between Lovozero and Seydozero

The participants of the Lapland expedition returned to Petrograd in the late autumn of 1922. On November 29, Condiain spoke at a meeting of the geographical section of the World Studies Society with a report on the results of his trip, which was called “In the Land of Fairy Tales and Sorcerers.” In it, he spoke about the amazing discoveries made by the expedition, indicating, in his opinion, that the local Lapps descended “from some more ancient cultural race.”

And after some time, a sensational interview with the leader of the expedition and images of mysterious monuments of “ancient Lapland culture” appeared in Petrograd newspapers.

"Prof. Barchenko discovered the remains of ancient cultures dating back to a period older than the era of the birth of Egyptian civilization,” Krasnaya Gazeta told readers without hesitation on February 19, 1923.

The discoverer himself spoke about his findings as follows:

“To this day, the Lapps of Russian Lapland honor the remains of prehistoric religious centers and monuments that survived in corners of the region inaccessible to cultural penetration. For example, one and a half hundred miles from railway and about 50 versts from the Lovozero churchyard, the expedition managed to discover the remains of one of these religious centers - sacred lake Seydozero with the remains of colossal sacred images, prehistoric clearings in virgin taibol (more often), with half-collapsed underground passages-trenches that protected the approaches to the sacred lake.

Local Lapps are extremely unfriendly towards attempts to more thoroughly examine interesting monuments. They denied the expedition a boat and warned that approaching the statues would bring all sorts of misfortunes to ours and theirs.”

Barchenko’s story ended with the statement, with reference to the opinion of “a number of authoritative ethnographers and anthropologists,” that the Lapps are “the oldest ancestors of the peoples who subsequently left the northern latitudes.” At the same time, he noted that “recently a theory has been gaining ground according to which the Lapps, in parallel with the dwarf tribes of all parts of the world, seem to be the most ancient ancestors of the now much taller white race.”

Expedition of Arnold Kolbanovsky

Despite the enormous public interest in the discoveries made by Barchenko’s expedition, skeptics appeared almost immediately. In the summer of 1923, one of the doubters, a certain Arnold Kolbanovsky, organized his own expedition to the Lovozero area in order to see for himself the existence of the monuments “ ancient civilization».

Together with Kolbanovsky, a group of objective observers also went to the protected areas: the chairman of the Lovozero volost executive committee, his secretary and a volost policeman. First of all, Kolbanovsky tried to get to the “enchanted” Horn Island. On the evening of July 3, a detachment of brave travelers, despite the “witchcraft spells,” sailed across Lovozero and landed on Rogovoi Island. An hour and a half examination of its territory, however, did not yield any results.

“On the island there are trees fallen by storms, it’s wild, there are no idols - clouds of mosquitoes. They tried to find the enchanted deer antlers, which long ago - according to Lapp legends - sank the advancing Swedes. These horns send “weather” to anyone who tries to approach the island with bad intentions (as well as for the purpose of inspection), especially women.”

The trip report does not say anything about whether Kolbanovsky managed to find at least one of the listed relics. At night, in order not to attract attention to themselves, the detachment moved to neighboring Seydozero. They examined the mysterious figure of the “Old Man” - it turned out that it was “nothing more than weathered dark layers in a steep rock, from a distance resembling in its shape the likeness of a human figure.”

But there was still a stone “pyramid” that served as one of the main arguments in favor of the existence of an ancient civilization. Kolbanovsky went to this “wonderful ancient monument.” And again failure: “We came close. My eyes saw an ordinary stone swelling on a mountain peak.”

Kolbanovsky’s conclusions, which debunked Barchenko’s discoveries, were published by the Murmansk newspaper Polyarnaya Pravda immediately after the end of the expedition. At the same time, the newspaper’s editors, in their commentary, rather sarcastically characterized Barchenko’s messages as “hallucinations, brought under the guise of a new Atlantis into the minds of gullible mountain citizens. Petrograd".

Expedition of Valery Demin

Already in our time, exactly 75 years after Barchenko, the expedition “Hyperborea-97”, headed by Doctor of Philosophy Valery Demin, went to Lovozero.

The main goal of Demin’s expedition was not only to confirm or refute Barchenko’s data, but also to find traces of the “Ancestral Home of Humanity” - Hyperborea. In his report on the expedition, part of which was included in the book “Secrets of the Russian People” (1999), Demin writes the following:

“And here I am on ancient Hyperborean land, in the very center of the Kola Peninsula. The road across the isthmus stretches straight to the sacred Sami Seydozer. It looks like it is paved: rare cobblestones and slabs are neatly sunk into the taiga soil. How many thousands of years have people been walking on it? Or perhaps tens of thousands of years? “Hello, Hyperborea! - I say. – Hello, Dawn of world civilization!” On the left, on the right, lingonberries are filled with myriads of rubies. Exactly 75 years ago, the Barchenko-Kondiain detachment passed here. Towards the unknown. Now we are coming - the Hyperborea-97 expedition, four people.

Protected places. "Big Foot? Yes, no one has come across him here,” says guide Ivan Mikhailovich Galkin. “Last year, very close by, I scared the kids to death: they drove them into a hut and pushed against the windows and doors all night.” Until the huntsmen arrived in the morning. But they didn’t shoot - after all, he was a man...” Later, the same was confirmed by “professionals” who had been tracking the relict hominoid for many years. And the Loparka grandmother reacted quite simply: “Yes, my father fed one of these for many years.”

Before reaching Seydozero, we see a well-hewn stone on the side of the road. Mysterious writings are barely visible on it - a trident and an oblique cross.<...>

Here is Seydozero - calm, majestic and unique in its northern beauty. Along the ridges of the mountains, seids - sacred Sami stones-menhirs - loom lonely.<...>

If you climb higher into the mountains and wander around the rocks and scree, you will definitely come across a pyramid skillfully built of stones. There are many of them everywhere. Previously, they were found below, along the shore of the lake, but they were destroyed (dismantled pebble by pebble) somewhere in the 20-30s, during the struggle against the “remnants of the dark past.” In the same way, other Lapp sanctuaries - made of deer antlers - were destroyed.<...>

Our first goal (while the Sun is favorable for photography) is a giant humanoid image on a steep cliff on the opposite side of a lake stretching for 10 kilometers. A black, tragically frozen figure with arms outstretched crosswise. The dimensions can only be determined by eye, comparing with the height of the surrounding mountains indicated on the map: 70 meters, or even more. You can get to the image itself on an almost absolutely vertical granite plane only with special climbing equipment.

In direct sunlight, the mysterious figure is visible from afar. Less than half of the way, it clearly appears from different points before the amazed gaze in all its mysterious incomprehensibility. The closer to the rock, the more grandiose the spectacle. No one knows or understands how and when a giant petroglyph appeared in the center of Russian Lapland. And can it even be considered a petroglyph? According to Sami legend, this is Kuiva, the leader of the treacherous foreigners who almost exterminated the gullible and peace-loving Lapps. But the Sami shaman-noid called on the spirits for help and stopped the invasion of the invaders, and turned Kuiva himself into a shadow on a rock.<...>

And the next day (this happened on August 9, 1997), Russian officer Igor Boev, having climbed Mount Ninchurt (“Women’s Breasts”) to the tongues of unmelted snow, found the ruins of Hyperborea halfway to the top! An entire cultural center, weathered, half-buried with rocky soil and ironed a thousand times by ice and avalanches. Cyclopean ruins. Remains of defensive structures. Giant hewn slabs of regular geometric shape. Steps leading to nowhere (in fact, we just don’t yet know where they led twenty thousand years ago). The walls with cuts are clearly of man-made origin. Ritual well. A “page” of a stone manuscript with the sign of a trident and a flower resembling a lotus (exactly the same sign was on the cup-like talisman of the Barchenko-Kondiain expedition, but, unfortunately, no traces of that relic were found in the storerooms of the Murmansk Local History Museum).

And finally, perhaps the most impressive find. The remains of an ancient observatory (and this is in the deserted mountains beyond the Arctic Circle!) with a 15-meter trench leading up to the sky, to the stars, with two sights - below and above...”

Thus, the Hyperborea-97 expedition confirmed and captured on photographic film the artifacts discovered by Alexander Barchenko: a two-kilometer paved road leading across the isthmus from Lovozero to Seydozero, pyramidal stones, an image of a giant black figure on a steep cliff. At the same time, participants new expedition They also made several discoveries of their own. For example, they discovered a certain structure resembling “the remains of an ancient observatory”...

Fig.4.18. Ruins of the “ancient observatory”

How fair are the conclusions drawn by Demin? Are there really traces of an ancient civilization in the heart of the Kola Peninsula, or are the participants of the new expedition, following Barchenko, wishful thinking?

At least this fragment of his memoirs speaks not in favor of Valery Demin as a scientist:

“I would also like to clarify the question about the swamp pyramid, around which a public controversy unfolded between Barchenko and Academician Fersman in the 20s. The latter denied the artificial origin of anything in the vicinity of Seydozero. I specifically made time to visit the controversial pyramidal stone and even, to make comparisons easier, took a photo on it. Height – slightly below human height. It is covered with such a dense crust of moss and lichen mixed with alluvial soil that a dwarf birch tree managed to grow and take hold at the top.<...>My first impression coincides with Fersman's conclusion: the notorious swamp pyramid is of natural origin. But then a seditious thought struck me: over tens of thousands of years, any artificially processed stone could have undergone such deformation and weathering that all traces of human hands were completely erased.”

However, Demin and his supporters are taking another step towards moving the topic of the past of the Kola Peninsula beyond the scope of serious discussion. A year later, they return to Lovozero and Seydozero with the Hyperborea-98 expedition, which included “specialists in anomalous phenomena,” whose reputation in circles, even those far from science, has always been low:

“Somewhere here, back in 1922, Barchenko’s expedition was shown a sacred hole underground, upon approaching which a feeling of fear arose. Participants of that long-ago expedition took photographs at the entrance to an underground shelter, reminiscent of a den. For the second year now, we have not been able to discover this mysterious passage to the “underground kingdom,” despite the fact that such a task was set before each newly arriving detachment.<...>

Ufologists and psychics tried to help us; by the will of fate, they found themselves in the expedition’s work area. A charming student from Nalchik, Valeria, a “tenth generation witch,” as she introduced herself, claimed that she saw an elusive hole leading to a vast underground shelter, but from there came prohibitive information: the mysterious underground inhabitants gave “a red light to continue the search” . The “witch’s” patron, a world-famous ufologist – also Valery – clarified: there, deep below, is an underground base of aliens. The occultists were echoed by serious scientists. Vadim Chernobrov, who arrived from Moscow with many ingenious devices, discovered a mysterious stone cube and the landing sites of two UFOs.<...>Another Muscovite scientist, an expert geologist, stated that he felt like some elusive creature was persistently watching him. Moreover, the mysterious stranger several times rearranged the fishing rods left overnight and mixed up the gear. However, unlike ufologists, the experienced scientist was inclined to attribute these acts not to space aliens, but to the “Bigfoot” - an invisible man, whom none of the expedition participants met this time...”

The truth about Hyperborea

However, Demin and his supporters did not limit themselves to two expeditions. Almost every summer, dozens of curious people go to Lovozero with the intention of finding traces of the mythical Hyperborea. Local authorities, dissatisfied with the influx of “crazy” tourists into the Seydozero state reserve, back in the summer of 2000, invited four doctors of sciences from Moscow - biological, technical, geological and military - and asked to find out how things really stand with Hyperborea.

Here is what one of the members of this expedition said:

“I admit, I am a dreamer myself and, of course, I would really like to see traces of proto-civilization. When I came out to the isthmus between Lovozero and Seydozero and through the gold of birches I saw a road made of huge slabs, the remains of some cyclopean structures, mysterious arches of underground passages, I was shocked. Well, where, pray tell, did all this come from in a remote and deserted place? For a while I believed - yes, these could really be the remains of an ancient civilization! But alas... Even with all our efforts, we did not even find signs of Hyperborea.

Upon careful acquaintance with the area, it immediately became clear how the road was formed from huge slabs. The fact is that the mountain range here is made of graphite slate. In time immemorial, rock weathered in the rocks, water got into the cracks, and flat geometric blocks gradually broke out and slid down the slope. These blocks, creeping one on top of the other, slid down to the bottom of the lake and formed a “road”. If you look closely at the rocky slope, you can see traces of the “movement” of these blocks.

We got to the hundred-meter image of God and the Seer (its other name is the Running Lapp) and were upset. Two faults (vertical and horizontal) in the rock, above them there is a platform overgrown with moss - from afar, if you have the imagination, they can actually be mistaken for the figure of a man with a halo above his head. But up close it is clearly visible that this is a system of cracks, that is, a natural phenomenon, and not the creation of human or alien hands.

We visited Rogovoy Island, penetration of which supposedly threatens death for ordinary people. Since ancient times, shamans have performed their rituals here, and to prevent outsiders from meddling here, they spread rumors about taboos. But exalted intellectuals who believe in proto-civilization, in magical powers, really begin to tremble near such places. Our stay on the island did not affect our expedition in any way.

The “Hyperboreans” enthusiastically described to us their meetings with Bigfoot. According to their stories, a huge, five-meter-high, shaggy humanoid creature galloped along the shore of Lovozero from time to time, hooting and uttering screams.

We found this “Yeti” and talked. Leshak turned out to be a puny local boy. Life in those places cannot be called fun, so he came up with entertainment for himself. He sewed a robe from deer skin and on white nights, taking it on his chest, he happily rushes by the lake (along the coastal water so as not to leave traces), causing amazement among visitors.

It is known that kayakers have repeatedly died on Lovozero, but there is no reason to connect their deaths with any mystical phenomena. The weather in these parts can change within a few minutes, while a high wave, up to five meters, suddenly rises on the lake. Locals They know that a wave may arise, but they do not know at what moment it will rise, and therefore they never follow a visually accessible path. They walk close to the shore, along a safe fairway. And give visitors space. In their fragile kayaks they get caught by this wave and capsize. No inflatable vest will help in this situation. In deserted places there is no one to come to your aid, and in icy water a person will not last long.

People also die in the rocks. As for the tunnels, they do exist, but these are not passages to Hyperborea, but just another deception.

During the war, prisoners from the Revdinsky camps worked in the Lovozero area, extracting uranium for the Beria program. At the same time, they made adits from the caves. They say that they found both gold and platinum there. After richer uranium deposits were discovered, the prisoners were taken out and the entrances were blown up before leaving. These places are overgrown with moss and bushes, but they are visible. “Hyperboreans” and gold miners secretly clear the entrances from everyone, penetrate into the adits, the support in which has rotted, and die under the rubble.

As for the visions that the “Hyperboreans” visit during meditation in places chosen by the shamans for rituals, then, according to the authoritative statement of the aborigines who supply visitors with alcoholic beverages, after three bottles of vodka they may not dream of such things...”

These observations only confirm the old truth that everyone sees only what they want to see. Fans of Barchenko's ideas, developed by Demin, see traces of civilization where they never existed...

“Darwin’s evolutionary theory describes in general terms the process of human development: at first they were aquatic plants and animals, then they moved to land, then climbed trees, then descended to earth and turned into Pithecanthropus; in the end, evolution reached the point where modern humanity appeared, possessing culture and able to think. Thus, the emergence of human civilization does not exceed 10 thousand years. Before that, people did not even know how to tie knots on a rope to remember current affairs. At that time, they wrapped themselves in tree leaves and ate raw meat. And in even more ancient times, people may not even have known how to handle fire - they were just savages, primitive people.

However, we have found that in many places around the world, a large number of ancient monuments, the existence of which far exceeded the history of human civilization. In terms of technology, all these antiquities have reached a very high level; from an artistic point of view they are also outstanding creations. We can say that they are simply an object of imitation for modern people and have a very high artistic value. However, they were left a very long time ago: more than a hundred thousand, hundreds of thousands, several million, even more than a hundred million years ago. Think about it, doesn't this make today's story the butt of a joke? In reality, there is nothing to joke about, because society develops in such conditions when humanity is constantly improving itself, learning about itself again and again. Initial cognition is not necessarily absolutely correct.

Many people may have heard of “prehistoric culture” or “prehistoric civilization”. Now we will talk about that “prehistoric civilization”. The globe has Asia, Europe, South America, North America, Oceania, Africa and Antarctica. Geologists call them continental plates. Tens of millions of years have passed since the continental plates formed. In other words, a significant portion of the seabed rose up from under the water to form land. A significant part of the land, in turn, settled into the sea. And tens of millions of years have passed since the earth's surface stabilized until today. However, the oldest high-rise buildings were discovered at the bottom of the oceans. The sculptures in these buildings are very elegant, but do not belong to the cultural heritage of our modern humanity. This means that they were undoubtedly built before the land subsided into the sea. Who created this civilization tens of millions of years ago? Then our humanity had not yet reached the level of monkeys. Who could create such things that require high wisdom?...".

The mystery of the death of ancient highly developed civilizations (1:34:04)

Incredible archaeological finds indicate that there used to be ancient civilizations that were comparable in level of development, and most likely exceeding ours. What caused their death? In this film we will try to understand this issue.

"... On our Earth, archaeologists have discovered a once-living creature called a trilobite. It existed 600-260 million years ago, after which it died out. An American scientist found a trilobite fossil, on which a trace of a human foot is visible, with a clear imprint of a shoe. Doesn't this make historians the butt of a joke? evolutionary theory Darwin, how could man exist 260 million years ago?”
Excerpt from the book "Falun Dafa".

What are scientists keeping silent about? PARADOXES (9:50)

"In the museum State University Peru keeps a stone on which a human figure is carved. The study showed that it was carved 30 thousand years ago. But this figure, dressed in clothes, wearing a hat and shoes, holds a telescope in his hands and observes the celestial body. How did people know how to weave 30 thousand years ago? How is it possible that people even wore clothes back then? It is completely incomprehensible that he holds a telescope in his hands and observes a celestial body. This means that he also has certain astronomical knowledge. We have long known that the European Galileo invented the telescope just over 300 years ago. Who invented this telescope 30 thousand years ago?"
Excerpt from the book "Falun Dafa".

In Peru, near the city of Ica, tens of thousands of stones with very interesting designs engraved on them were found. These stones are many thousands of years old. Academic science does not want to know anything and pretends that it has nothing to do with it...

Engraved Ica stones vary greatly in size and even color. The smallest stones weigh 15-20 grams, and the largest ones reach a weight of up to 500 kg and up to 1.5 meters in height. The bulk of the stones are on average the size of a watermelon. All of them are shaped like river-rolled boulders, mineralogically defined as andesite (andesite is volcanic granite). Their color is mostly black in various shades, but there are also gray, beige and pinkish stones. Dr. Cabrera noted one surprising feature of these stones: andesite is a very durable mineral, but Ica stones are amazingly fragile, they break when they fall or when they hit each other hard.

According to the theory of the origin of life on Earth, man is the first intelligent being born through the course of evolutionary development. We are so accustomed to thinking - and this is what academic science tells us - that we are the first on Earth who have intelligence. Before us, there were no civilizations with advanced technologies on the planet, although not all scientists agree with this opinion.

Many researchers believe that numerous incredible archaeological finds tell us that thousands and even millions of years ago there were already civilizations on Earth with extremely advanced technologies. Moreover, ancient civilizations may have had far superior knowledge and technology than we have today!

Studying ancient artifacts, scientists ask the question: What if all modern inventions of mankind are nothing more than a reproduction of the inventions of the past? That is, inventions from the time when different civilizations (possibly the colonization of the Earth came from deep space) inhabited the planet and then, without the support of the mother planet, the colonies degenerated and went wild, or the colonies were simply abandoned for some reason.

In fact, this is a very interesting hypothesis, however, under its basis there is a large pile of mysteries. After all, we will have to think about what could have caused development to be put on pause and even send highly developed civilizations of the past into the Stone Age. Meanwhile, most finds from ancient times are at least unexpected, and make you wonder where they came from.

What if, in our distant past, someone so powerful could have appeared that through his actions (for example, total bombing) he caused a “reset” in the evolution of growing civilizations? And from those developed civilizations that plunged into the “Stone Age” only archaeological finds remain, which we cannot explain, believing that we are the first on Earth.

Is it possible that some civilization from the distant past experienced a “reset”?

Could the existence of prehistoric civilizations explain the construction of incredible ancient monuments such as Puma Punku, Tiahuanaco, Teotihuacan and the Great Sphinx? Is it possible that our ancestors only discovered lost technologies and used them in their own lives, thereby beginning to revive the development that had once stopped?

Let's look at some of the revolutionary technologies of ancient civilizations that still pose a mystery to researchers. Looking at individual artifacts, there seems to be nothing incredible about them, but looking at them together...

Ancient Chinese seismograph - seismoscope.

Even 1500 years before the invention of the modern seismograph, the Chinese scientist Zhang Heng (100th century AD) was able to record an earthquake. The invention is called a seismoscope - a device incredibly amazing in its beauty and precision (an elegant vase with carved bronze animals).

To this day, no one knows exactly how the amazing device worked, but, nevertheless, it worked! By the way, the scientist was the first to confidently declare that the Moon shines with reflected light.

Nuclear reactor of an ancient civilization 1.8 billion years old.

Many of us remember the discovery of a nuclear reactor in Africa about 1.8 billion years old. Traditional science explains that in fact this is a nuclear reactor built by nature, that is, it is of natural origin. Other scientists believe that it is impossible to imagine the conditions under which Mother Nature could create a nuclear reactor with such high precision.

Yes, our planet has fantastic possibilities; after all, it gives us life. But at the same time, we understand that we know too little about the past of the Earth, and we know very little about what was on the planet before the birth of our civilization.

Baghdad battery.

In 1938, archeology introduced the world to the electric battery from Baghdad. The scientific world was amazed, but still agreed, the ancient device was used more than a couple of thousand years ago. According to some researchers, the rulers of ancient mankind used batteries for certain electrical devices. It’s just unknown where the battery could have been used in those days.

It has been proven that the battery from Baghdad can indeed generate electricity. Could the Baghdad battery serve as the missing link in humanity's ancient technology? - So to speak, the remains of the former power of technology of humanity gone wild and having lost everything?

Piri Reis: Cartographer's Mission.

The Piri Reis map, which shows Antarctica without ice cover, is very surprising. Yes, the map is still a mystery, compiled by a cartographer without the use of orbital satellites. The Piri Reis map is based on much older maps, where the continent appears before us as we have never seen it.

It’s a complete mystery how this continent could have been drawn by an ancient cartographer (who, in fact, had just thrown his club and climbed down from a tree) before Piri Reis. Unless, before Homo sapiens, there were already intelligent beings on the planet with powerful technologies, and now not only modern space debris, but also products of extreme antiquity are “hanging out” in orbit.

The map also shows a piece of land that appears to be connected to South America. A piece of land that might have corresponded to the Antarctic coastline in prehistoric times.

Nanostructures of ancient technologies 250 million years old!

In the Ural Mountains, researchers found an extremely mysterious object, an artifact, the discovery of which initially created a big “boom” in the scientific world. The first guess about the tiny structure said that it was the product of an exceptionally ancient civilization with advanced nanotechnology about 250 million years ago!

Given the age of these mysterious nanostructures, the artifact became a hit among finds of this kind. The first studies of the structure showed simply impossible results. The researchers found that the large pieces that were discovered were almost entirely made of copper, while the smaller pieces were made of tungsten and molybdenum.

As you know, metals themselves do not occur in nature, much less similar alloys. This means that they are components that are of artificial origin, in other words, they are manufactured using “fine” technology by some intelligent being.

At the same time, we have to admit that this is just a slice of a plant and not a 250 million year old microchip. Yes, these are fossilized pieces of organic matter - incredibly similar to the architecture of modern electronic devices. After all, according to the theory adopted hundreds of years ago, our civilization is the only one on Earth. There was no one intelligent with advanced technology on the planet before us.

Great Sphinx of Egypt: The Sphinx is the guardian of an 800,000 year old pyramid.

This is an ancient structure that, from the moment of its discovery until today, has baffled researchers of the ancient monument. Strangely, no one is able to accurately date the age of the Sphinx, since there are no written records or mentions of its construction or purpose in ancient records. Now Sphinx researchers are increasingly talking about the age of the monument at least 10,000 years, but Ukrainian researchers suggest an age of 800,000 years!

The authors of the work are scientists Vyacheslav Manichev (Institute of Geochemistry environment National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) and Alexander Parkhomenko (Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine). The research was presented at the International Conference of Geoarchaeology and Archeomineralogy held in Sofia under the title: geological aspects of the problem of dating the Great Sphinx of Egypt.

Two Ukrainian researchers have taken a provocative look at ancient history, with scientists suggesting that the Great Sphinx of Egypt has been around for about 800,000 years. This is a revolutionary theory, which, once confirmed, will change our entire attitude towards ancient history and the development of civilizations of that time.

According to the study, scientists Manichev and Parkhomenko have proposed a new natural mechanism that could explain the irregularities and erosion in the features of the Sphinx. This mechanism is the effect of waves on the structure of the monument. This formation - several layers of "ripples" - could take place over a thousand years, a fact that is clearly visible, for example, on the shores of the Black Sea.

The fact is - to put it briefly - that having studied the accumulation and destruction of the Great Sphinx, scientists believe that the processes that influenced the monument were not caused by the Nile overflowing its banks, but by complete immersion under water for a long time. Yes, researchers have repeatedly pointed out that the Sphinx survived the Flood, but Ukrainian researchers, having studied the destruction and dissolution of the rock, date the age of the “guardian” of the pyramid as 800,000 years!

According to Manichev and Parkhomenko:

The visual study of the Sphinx allows us to conclude that the water of large reservoirs played an important role, which partially flooded the monument with the formation of wave-cut depressions on its vertical walls.

The morphology of these formations is similar to similar depressions formed at sea in coastal areas. The similarity of the compared forms of erosion, the geological structure and petrographic composition of the sedimentary rocks of the complex lead to the conclusion that the decisive factor in the destruction of the historical monument was wave energy, and not sand.

Geological literature confirms the existence of long-lived freshwater lakes during various periods from the Quaternary Lower Pleistocene to the Holocene. These lakes were distributed in areas adjacent to the Nile. The absolute mark of the upper trace of the erosion of the Sphinx corresponds to the level of the water surface, which took place in the early Pleistocene.

During this period, the Great Sphinx of Egypt already stood on the Giza plateau of this geological (historical) time. - This is a huge age in the life of the Sphinx, isn’t it? But...who could have worked the Sphinx at that time? Could this be evidence that a million years ago there was a civilization on Earth capable of doing this?

Humanity is already so old that it has forgotten its infancy, and the origin of man is shrouded in mystery.

According to generally accepted views, humanity was primitive in the past, and then began to develop, people emerged from a state of barbarism, became smarter and more capable. New data, however, suggests otherwise. Maybe at the dawn of history humanity possessed highly developed science and technology, which significantly exceeds the ideas of modern people about the distant past.

This point of view is as old as history itself. The ancients spoke of the past as an era of prosperity. The story of Atlantis in Plato's dialogue Timaeus is the most striking evidence of the Golden Age.

Medieval manuscript of Plato's Timaeus, Latin translation.

American Congressman Ignatius Loyola Donnelly (1831 - 1901) believed that Atlantis really existed and collected all available information about this ancient, powerful and advanced civilization.

In 1929, a mysterious Piri Reis map from 1513 was found in Istanbul, showing the coasts of Antarctica and South America with modern accuracy. This map revived the hypothesis of advanced ancient civilizations, giving it solid ground.

Archaeologist Brad Steiger, in his book Worlds Before Our Own, presented new facts about the existence of early developed civilizations. Steiger discovered that some high-tech artifacts were found in the lowest primordial geological layers, while primitive ones were found in the upper layers.

He called them "irrelevant artifacts." His book contributed to a number of later works that challenged the prevailing view of humanity's past.

If advanced prehistoric civilizations existed, what led to their destruction? There are basically two possible scenarios: either these people were so advanced that they destroyed themselves, or they were destroyed by a natural disaster.

The evidence in favor of the second option is more significant than the first. There are, however, some signs of ancient wars.

World map of the Turkish admiral Piri Reis in 1513.

Creation and destruction

“When the first atomic bomb exploded in New Mexico, the sand in the desert melted and turned into green glass. Archaeologists excavated in the ancient Euphrates Valley and discovered an 8,000-year-old layer of agricultural culture, then an even earlier layer, then a layer from the caveman era. Recently they have reached another layer - molten green glass." (New York Herald Tribune, 1947)

Some scientists do not believe that ancient civilizations could have been destroyed by natural forces. They believe that the current features of the earth's surface were formed over millions of years.

Dating using carbon dating cannot be considered absolutely accurate. This method assumes an established balance between the formation and decomposition of radioactive carbon in the earth's atmosphere. But the period of formation of C14 is actually longer than the period of its decay.

Therefore, the amount of C14 in the atmosphere (0.0000765%) cannot be scientifically used as a criterion for dating fossils. In other words, we cannot know the age of the fossils from which we determine the age of the earth's strata. Thus, we do not know the actual age of the earth's strata.

However, these layers could have been formed over a short period of time, for example, as a result of rapid sedimentation (deposition of layers) caused by a natural disaster, and not over millions of years, otherwise the emergence of petrified trees would simply not be possible.

Myths and legends around the world speak of a global cataclysm, or more precisely, a flood. Similar myths can be found in Africa, China, North America, Australia, Sumer, in very distant cultures that had no way of contacting each other. There are more than 500 ancient legends about a flood similar to that mentioned in the Bible and Koran. These are traces of the global collective memory of an event that happened in the distant past.

Myths about global flood exist in different cultures around the world.

The Golden Age of Skepticism and Scientism

"Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence." Carl Sagan.

The postmodern world is the golden age of skepticism, relativism, materialism, obscurantism, scientism, etc. Extraordinary claims are not brought to public attention not because the evidence is insufficient or unfounded, but because they are rejected in advance by modern philosophy and science. Therefore, they are classified as pseudoscience.

What do we really know about Earth? We take it for granted; we think we know every inch of it, but in reality we don’t even know ourselves. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.

Dr. Melvin Cook, an eminent chemist and Nobel laureate, came to the conclusion that underground oil fields were formed by the sudden and rapid burial of organic materials just a few thousand years ago.

Could the underground oil reserves be prehistoric cities that were turned into oil by sudden subsidence and high pressure?

New Ways of Thinking

Speaking of concrete evidence, we can mention a prehistoric structure that was the tallest on Earth until the first skyscraper was built in 1931. To this day, it remains the most colossal structure on the planet.

Majestic the Pyramid of Cheops silently speaks louder than chattering skeptics. It has been established that it is located in the center of all the continents of the Earth. Such precision requires a comprehensive knowledge of the earth's geography, such as the Mercator projection, which is very unexpected for Ancient Egypt.

As for its structure, engineers and scientists have concluded that it is impossible to build a pyramid of this size and with such stunning precision, despite modern technology.

Engineer Markus Schulte estimates that building the Great Pyramid would cost about $35 billion.

Obviously, today no one will invest that kind of money in a colossal structure that is not suitable for habitation, and without any expected profit. Then the question is “how was it built?” is less important than the question “why was it built?”